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Thomas Holland (de) Holand, 1st Duke of Surrey (1374 - January 7, 1400), also 3rd Earl of Kent He was the son of Thomas de Holand, 2nd Earl of Kent and Alice Fitzalan, daughter of Richard Fitzalan, 10th Earl of Arundel. He was also nephew of Richard II of England. On his father's death in 1397 Holand became 3rd Earl of Kent, and was elected a Knight of the Garter. At that time Kent's uncle Richard II was removing from power Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, and his associates, and sent Kent to arrest his own uncle - Richard Fitzalan, 11th Earl of Arundel. In reward he received a share of the forfeited estates, and on September 29 was created Duke of Surrey. Yet another uncle John Holand was created Duke of Exeter on that day as well. Holand, along with many of Richard's advisors, was arrested after Richard's deposition by Henry IV. In the end he had to forfeit the honors and estates he had gained after the arrests of Gloucester and Arundel, and thus went back to just being Earl of Kent. Early in 1400 Holand, along with his uncle John (now Earl of Huntingdon instead of Duke of Exeter) plotted to kill Henry IV and free Richard II from prison and return him to the throne. The plot failed and Holand was captured and executed. He left no children by his wife, Joan, daughter of Hugh, Earl of Stafford. He was succeeded as earl by his brother Edmund. Another version: Thomas de Holand, also called Thomas Holland, Duke of Surrey, prominent English noble in the reign of Richard II. Son of Thomas Holland, 2nd Earl of Kent (1350-97), he aided in the arrest and destruction of Richard II's enemies and was awarded with the dukedom of Surrey in 1397. In 1398 he was created marshal of England and given large estates, and, later in the same year, he was made the king's lieutenant in Ireland. After Henry IV seized power in September 1399, Surrey, along with other advisers of the former king, was temporarily arrested. On November 6 he was deprived of his dukedom. He then joined in a conspiracy against Henry but was betrayed and, while in flight, was seized by a mob and beheaded. http://en.wikipedia.org
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