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Gustav VI Adolf (Oskar Fredrik Wilhelm Olaf Gustaf Adolf) (11 November 1882 - 15 September 1973) was King of Sweden from 1950 until his death. He was the eldest son of King Gustaf V and his wife Victoria of Baden. He was born in Stockholm and at birth created Duke of Skåne. On 29 October 1950, he succeeded his father on the throne. His personal motto was Plikten framför allt, "The duty before everything else". He married, firstly, Princess Margaret of Connaught on 15 June 1905. Princess Margaret was the daughter of HRH Prince Arthur, Duke of Connaught, third son of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Great Britain. He married, secondly, Lady Louise Mountbatten, formerly HSH Princess Louise of Battenberg. She was the sister of Lord Mountbatten and aunt of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh. It was Lady Louise who became Queen of Sweden. Interestingly, both Queen Louise and her step-children were great grandchildren of Queen Victoria of Great Britain. Reign In 1950, Prince Gustav Adolf became king at age 67 upon the death of his father, King Gustav V. During Gustav's reign, work was underway on a new constitution - eventually taking effect in 1975 after Gustav's death - to replace the 1809 constitution and produce reforms consistent with the times. Among the reforms sought by some Swedes was the replacement of the monarchy or at least some moderation of the old constitution's provision that "The King alone shall govern the realm." Gustav Adolf's personal qualities made him popular among the Swedish people and, in turn, this popularity led to strong public opinion in favor of the retention of the monarchy. Gustav Adolf's expertise and interest in a wide range of fields (architecture and botany being but two) made him respected, as did his informal and modest nature and his purposeful avoidance of pomp. The monarchy was, however, made subordinate to a democratic state. Many of the powers of the Swedish monarchy died with King Gustaf Adolf in 1973. Additional powers of the monarch were removed when Sweden's constitutional reform became complete in 1975. Gustav VI Adolf was a devoted archaeologist, and was admitted to the British Academy for his work in botany in 1958. Gustav participated in archaeological expeditions in China, Greece, and Italy, and founded the Swedish Institute at Rome. Gustav died in 1973 at age 90 after a deterioration in his health that culminated in pneumonia in Helsingborg hospital. He was succeeded on the throne by his 27-year-old grandson Carl XVI Gustaf, son of the late Prince Gustav Adolf. In a break with tradition, he was not buried in Riddarholmskyrkan in Stockholm, but in the royal burial grounds in Haga. Children Crown Prince Gustav Adolf and Crown Princess Margaretha of Sweden had five children: Prince Gustav Adolf, Duke of Västerbotten (1906-1947) Prince Sigvard, Duke of Uppland, later Count Sigvard Bernadotte af Wisborg (1907-2002) Princess Ingrid, later Queen Consort of Denmark (1910-2000). Prince Bertil, Duke of Halland (1912-1997) Prince Carl Johan, Duke of Dalarna, later Count Carl Johan Bernadotte af Wisborg (1916-) Crown Princess Margaretha of Sweden died suddenly on 1 May 1920 of an infection following surgery. At the time, she was eight months pregnant and expecting her sixth child. Prince Gustav Adolf later married Lady Louise Mountbatten, on November 3, 1923. This second marriage produced only one stillborn daughter on 30 May 1925. King Gustav VI Adolf of Sweden was the grandfather of both his direct successor King Carl XVI Gustaf of Sweden and Queen Margrethe II of Denmark. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
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