Charles DE FRANCE

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Medieval Lands by Charles Cawley, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy CHARLES, son of LOUIS IV "d'Outremer" King of the Franks & his wifeGerberga of Germany (Laon summer 953-in prison Orléans 12 Jun 991, bur1001 Maastricht, St Servatius). Twin with his brother Henri.Flodoard records the birth of twins to "Gerberga regina" in 953 "unusKarolus, alter Heinricus, sed Henricus mox post baptismum defunctusest"[181]. Flodoard records war between "Karolum regis filiumfratrem" and "Godefridum atque Arnulfum, Lotharienses comites" in975[182]. Banished from the Frankish court after accusing Queen Emmaof adultery with Adalbero Bishop of Laon[183], he sought refuge at thecourt of Emperor Otto II who created him Duke of Lower Lotharingia inMay 977 at Diedenhofen. The Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium recordthat "Karolum ducem, regis Lotharii fratrem" had been grantedLotharingia by Emperor Otto[184]. During Emperor Otto's campaignagainst his brother King Lothaire, Duke Charles captured Laon in 978and was proclaimed King of the Franks by Theudebert Bishop ofMetz[185]. He claimed the French throne after the death of hisbrother in 986, and that of his nephew in 987. He captured Laon in[May] 988, and Reims in [Aug/Sep] 989, thanks to his nephew ArnoulArchbishop of Reims. He was captured at Laon 30 Mar 991 with his wifeand children and taken to Senlis. Richer records that "Karolum…cumuxore Adelaide et filio Ludovico, et filiabus duabus, quarum alteraGerberga, altera Adelaidis dicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote" wereimprisoned[186]. From there, they were imprisoned by Hugues CapetKing of France at Orléans, where he died[187]. "Otto…rex" donatedproperty "Vvalbisci in comitatu Karoli comitis" to Quedlinburg bycharter dated 6 Jan 992[188]. It is assumed that this refers toCharles ex-Duke of Lotharingia as no other Count Charles or Karl hasbeen identified in Germany at the time. If this is correct, thecharter demonstrates that Charles was still recognised with a title inGermany after his capture by the French, although this was "comes"rather than "dux". The necrology of Liège Saint-Lambert records thedeath "X Kal Jul" of "Karoli ducis"[189]. Sigebert records that"Karolus dux" died in 991 and that "Otto filius eius" succeeded in theduchy of Lotharingia[190]. m ([970]) ADELAIS de Troyes, daughter of [ROBERT Comte de Troyes & hiswife Adelais [de Bourgogne]. The Historia Francorum Senonensis refersto the wife of "Karolus" as "filiam Herberti comitis Trecarum"[191].Assuming the birth of the couple's eldest son in 970, this could notrefer to Héribert, son of Robert, whose birth is dated to [950]. Itis also unlikely to have been Héribert [II] Comte de Vermandois,father of Robert, who was not comte de Troyes. Settipanisuggests[192] that the Historia must be in error and that her fatherwas Robert Comte de Troyes. This would not be the only error in thissource, as the Historia also refers to "Karolus, frater eius[=Hludovicus], filius Hlotharii regis" when recording his "succession"in 987[193]. The Chronico Richardi Pictavensis also names "Carolusuxore sua…filia Herberti Comitis Trecarum"[194], presumably based onthe same source as the Historia. Her name is recorded by Richer, whostates that "Karolum…cum uxore Adelaide et filio Ludovico, et filiabusduabus, quarum altera Gerberga, altera Adelaidis dicebatur, necnon etArnulfo nepote" were imprisoned by Hugues "Capet" King of France[195].Orderic Vitalis links the two sets of references by recording thatCharles was imprisoned with his wife who was the daughter of HéribertComte de Troyes[196]. An interesting twist to this apparentlystraight-forward explanation is provided by another passage in Richerwhich refers disparagingly to Charles's marriage to "uxorem demilitari ordine sibi imparem"[197]. It is difficult to imagine thisdescription being appropriate to the Vermandois/Carolingian origin ofCharles's known wife. Ferdinand Lot therefore proposed that the textmeant that Charles was married twice[198]. If such a second marriagedid take place, it must have occurred at the height of the disputebetween Charles and his brother King Lothar around [975]. At thattime Charles was challenging his brother's authority to rule, and itis difficult to imagine that he would have weakened his own positionby contracting an unequal marriage. On the basis of the primarysources so far consulted, it is felt that there is insufficient basisfor concluding that Duke Charles married twice. The comment by Richercould presumably be explained by his personal dislike of theVermandois family. Duke Charles & his wife had six children: 1. OTTO ([970]-13 Jun [1013/14], bur Maastricht, StServatius). The Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium names "defuncti ducisOttonis, filii Karoli"[199]. He succeeded his father in 991 as Dukeof Lower Lotharingia. Sigebert records that "Karolus dux" died in 991and that "Otto filius eius" succeeded in the duchy ofLotharingia[200]. The Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium names "Ottoni duciLotharingiæ, suo consanguineo [=Henricus imperator]" when recordinghis opposition to "Metensis episcopus Theodericus secundus" andusurpation of the possessions of the church of Metz (including theabbey of St Trudo) in 1005 during the rebellion of the latter[201].The same text refers to Otto leaving an only daughter, which suggeststhat he died soon afterwards, although it is not impossible that thechronicle conflates two distinct events. In any case, conclusionsdrawn from this passage cannot be definitive as the part of thechronicle in question is incomplete[202]. Some corroboration is foundin the Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines which records the deathof "duce Ottone, filio ducis Karoli" in 1005[203]. Sigebert alsorecords the death of "Ottone duce" in 1005, adding that the duchy ofLotharingia was granted to "comiti Godefrido, filio GodefridiArdennensis"[204]. However, it is not possible to treat thesepassages as conclusive as regards the date of Otto's death. Thethrust of both texts is the recording the appointment by the emperorof Godefroi (son of Godefroi Comte de Verdun) as Duke of LowerLotharingia "mortuo duce Ottone", an event which is recorded elsewhereas taking place in 1012. The necrology of Liège Saint-Lambert recordsthe death "VII Id Jun" of "Ottonis ducis"[205]. [m ---. If it iscorrect, as shown below, that Otto was the father of a daughter, thename of his wife is not known.] Duke Otto & his wife had one possiblechild: a) [daughter . The Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium records that"Ottoni duci Lotharingiæ…" left an only daughter, whom it lateridentifies as "Hermegardam Namursi cometissam"[206]. As shown below,other sources indicate that Ermengarde, wife of Albert I Comte deNamur, was the daughter of Duke Otto's father. The sources discussedin the document NAMUR indicate that Ermengarde was the mother of atleast three of the children of Comte Albert. This would bechronologically impossible if she had been the daughter of Duke Otto.] 2. ERMENGARDE ([970/75]-after 1013). The Genealogica comitumBuloniensium records that "Karolus dux" was father of "Ermengardem etGerbergam"[207]. The Gesta Abbatem Trudonensium, on the other hand,names "Hermegardam Namursi cometissam" as only daughter of "Ottoniduci Lotharingiæ", son of Duke Charles[208]. The latter appearschronologically impossible in light of the sources discussed in thedocument NAMUR which attest Ermengarde as the mother of at least threeof her husband's children. The Fundatio Ecclesiæ S Albani Namucensisis less specific on Ermengarde's origin when it names her son "comesAlbertus secundus, ortus ex patre Lothariensi" referring to his motheras "matre vero Francigena Ermengarde, nobilissimam Francorum regumprosapiam trahente"[209]. The birth date range of Ermengarde isestimated on the basis of her having been the mother of all ComteAlbert's recorded children. Her marriage date is suggested by Richer,who does not name her among the children of her father when the familywas imprisoned in 991: "Karolum…cum uxore Adelaide et filio Ludovico,et filiabus duabus, quarum altera Gerberga, altera Adelaidisdicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote"[210]. This presumably indicatesthat her marriage predated this imprisonment. It has been suggestedthat Ermengarde was Albert [I]'s second wife, considering the likelydifference in their ages[211]. If this is correct, it is unlikelythat there were any surviving children from his earlier marriage asAlbert's successor (presumably his eldest son) was the son of hissurviving wife, presumably Ermengarde, as shown by the GestaEpiscoporum Cameracensium which records that "Rotberdo Namurcensicomite" betrayed Lambert Comte de Louvain after the battle ofHougaerde (dated to 1013) and that Lambert, captured by"Herimannum…comitem", was released after the intervention of"Rotbodi…comitis mater"[212]. m (990) ALBERT [I] Comte de Namur, sonof ROBERT [I] Comte de Namur & his wife --- (-shortly before 1011). 3. GERBERGA ([975]-27 Jan after 1018, bur Nivelles). TheGenealogica comitum Buloniensium records that "Karolus dux" was fatherof "Ermengardem et Gerbergam", and that "Gerberga soror Ermengardis"was mother of "Henricum seniorem de Bursella"[213]. The Gesta AbbatemTrudonensium names "Gerbergam, filiam Karoli ducis Lotharingie" aswife of "Lambertus filius Reyneri comitis Montensis", specifying thatBrabant (including Louvain and Brussels) was her dowry[214]. TheAnnales Hanoniæ name "Gebergam filiam Karoli ducis Lotharingie" aswife of "Lambertus…comes Lovaniensis"[215]. "Gerberga" is named aswife of "Lantbertum comitem, filium Ragineri Longicolli" in the Gestaof Gembloux Abbey when recording her husband's death, but her originis not stated[216]. Sigebert's Chronica records in 977 that"Lantbertus" married "Gerbergam filiam Karoli ducis"[217], but thisdate must be incorrect. Richer records that "Karolum…cum uxoreAdelaide et filio Ludovico, et filiabus duabus, quarum alteraGerberga, altera Adelaidis dicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote" wereimprisoned[218]. This suggests that Gerberga was not yet married atthat date. The birth date of Gerberga is estimated on the basis ofthe likely birth date ranges of two of her presumed children by ComteLambert. m (991 or after) LAMBERT [I] Comte de Louvain, son ofREGINAR [III] Comte de Hainaut & his wife Adela ([950]-killed inbattle Florennes 12 Sep 1015). 4. ADELAIS (-after 1012). Richer records that "Karolum…cumuxore Adelaide et filio Ludovico, et filiabus duabus, quarum alteraGerberga, altera Adelaidis dicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote" wereimprisoned[219]. 5. LOUIS (991 or after-after 993). The Historia FrancorumSenonensis records the birth of two sons "Hludovicum et Karolum" to"Karolus" while he was in custody in "Aurelianis civitate"[220].After his father was captured, Hugues Capet entrusted him to AdalberonBishop of Laon. Hugues retook him in 993 and imprisoned him atOrléans. Richer records that "Karolum…cum uxore Adelaide et filioLudovico, et filiabus duabus, quarum altera Gerberga, altera Adelaidisdicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote" were imprisoned[221]. 6. CHARLES (991 or after-after 991). The Historia FrancorumSenonensis records the births of two sons "Hludovicum et Karolum" to"Karolus" while he was in custody in "Aurelianis civitate"[222]. Heescaped from captivity, maybe to his brother Otto, but no furtherinformation has been found in the primary sources consulted to shedlight on his fate. [181] Flodoard 953, MGH SS III, p. 402. [182] Flodoard (Continuator) 975, MGH SS III, p. 407. [183] McKitterick (1983), p. 325. See also Werner. K. F. 'Du nouveausur un vieux thème: Les origines de la "noblesse" et de la"chevalerie"', Comptes rendus de l'Académie des inscriptions et desbelles-lettres (1985), p. 55, quoted in Settipani (1993), p. 337footnote 337. [184] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium, MGH SS VII, p. 443. [185] Thietmar, p. 133, footnote 25, and McKitterick (1983), p. 325.. [186] Richeri Historiæ IV 49, MGH SS III, p. 642. [187] Settipani (1993), p. 337. [188] MGH Diplomata II, D O III 81, p. 489. [189] Marchandisse, A. (ed.) (1991) L'obituaire de la cathédraleSaint-Lambert de Liège (Brussels), p. 86. [190] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 991, MGH SS VI, p. 353. [191] Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH SS IX,p. 368. [192] Settipani (1993), pp. 337-39 footnote 1010. [193] Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH SS IX,p. 367. [194] Chronico Richardi Pictavensis, RCGF 9, p. 22. [195] Richeri Historiæ IV 49, MGH SS III, p. 642. [196] Chibnall, M. (ed. and trans.) (1969) The Ecclesiastical Historyof Orderic Vitalis (Oxford Clarendon Press), I, p. 160. [197] Richeri Historiæ IV 11, MGH SS III, p. 633. [198] Lot, F. (1891) Les derniers Carolingiens, Lothaire, Louis V,Charles de Lorraine (954-991) (Paris, Bibliothèque de l'Ecole pratiquedes hautes études fasc. 87), p. 209 n. 2, cited in Settipani (1993),p. 337 footnote 1010. [199] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium III.7, MGH SS 7, p. 468.Although the passage is undated, the dates "1013 vel 1014" are notedin the margin by the editor. [200] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 991, MGH SS VI, p. 353. [201] Gestorum Abbatem Trudonensium Continuatio Tertia 1005, MGH SS X,p. 381. [202] Gestorum Abbatem Trudonensium Continuatio Tertia 1005, MGH SS X,p. 382, footnote d on the preceding page specifying that it wasdestroyed in a fire. [203] Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium 1005, MGH SS XXIII, p.778. [204] Sigeberti Auctarium Affligemense 1005, MGH SS VI, p. 354. [205] L'obituaire de la cathédrale de Saint-Lambert de Liège, p. 78. [206] Gestorum Abbatem Trudonensium Continuatio Tertia 1005, MGH SS X,pp. 381 and 382. [207] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, p. 300. [208] Gestorum Abbatem Trudonensium Continuatio Tertia 1005, MGH SS X,p. 382. [209] Fundatio Ecclesiæ S. Albani Namucensis, MGH SS XV.2, p. 962. [210] Richeri Historiæ IV 49, MGH SS III, p. 642. [211] Rousseau, F. (ed.) (1936) Actes des Comtes de Namur de laPremière Race 946-1196 (Brussels) ("Namur"), p. xlvi. [212] Gesta Episcoporum Cameracensium III 5, MGH SS VII, p. 468. [213] Genealogica comitum Buloniensium MGH SS IX, pp. 300-1. [214] Gestorum Abbatem Trudonensium Continuatio Tertia 1015, MGH SS X,p. 382. [215] Iacobi de Guisia Annales Hanoniæ XIV.XL, MGH SS XXX Part 1, p.184. [216] Gesta Abbatum Gemblacensium 32, MGH SS VIII, p. 537. [217] Sigeberti Chronica 973, MGH SS VI, p. 352. [218] Richeri Historiæ IV 49, MGH SS III, p. 642. [219] Richeri Historiæ IV 49, MGH SS III, p. 642. [220] Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH SS IX,p. 368. [221] Richeri Historiæ IV 49, MGH SS III, p. 642. [222] Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH SS IX,p. 368.

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Titel	Familienstammbaum Engelken
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Hochgeladen	2014-12-22 06:03:51.0
Einsender	Roger Engelken
E-Mail	rengelken@msn.com
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