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Thomas Joy is described as a "house carpenter." He was a principal contractor, master builder, and architect in Boston. He first appears in Boston land records in 1636-37. After his political differences with Winthrop's government (1646), he removed to Hingham, fifteen miles distant, and became identified with that village though still holding property in Boston, and for some years resided there. All his children excepting the youngest were brought to the First Church in Boston for baptism. In Hingham he bought a dwelling, farm, and mill privilege. He built or enlarged the grist mill at the town's cove, and created a saw mill in the same locality. In 1658 he became a member of the Boston Artillery Company, now the famous "Ancient and Honorables," and in 1657-8 he built the house in the market place of Boston, which was at once the armory, court house, and town hall of Boston, and first seat of government of Massachusetts. It burned down in 1711, and was replaced by what became known as "the Old State House," later the site of the "Boston Massacre" which still stands to this day. In 1665 he was admitted "Freeman" of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The political agitation in which Thomas Joy became involved was the famous "Dr. Child's Memorial," so named from the prominence of Dr. Robert Child in its orgination & support. It was a protest against certain illiberal customs of the period & particularly against the narrow policy of the Colonial government which since 1631 had restricted the right of suffrage to the members of the local Puritan churches … thus excluding more than three fourths of the adult male population from any participation in public affairs. (Pilgrim Republic, J A Goodwin 415; Puritan Age in Mass G E Ellis 203; Hist of New Eng Palfrey III 41, note 3, 135; Mem Hist of Boston Winsor ed I 196 note 1.) From Thomas Joy, Colonist: The passenger list of the "Constance," Clement Campton, Master, sailing from Gravesend, England for Virginia, 24 Oct 1635, includes the name Thomas Joy, age 22. Several forms of the name, Joye, Jay, Jaye, Gee, were common in Co. Norfolk, England & are found in Boston records. The earliest mention of Thomas Joy, emigrant ancestor of most of the Joys in America, is in records of the Town of Boston, in New England, when "on the 20th of the 12th moneth, called February, 1636" (1637, N.S.) leave was given Thomas Joy to "Buy a peece of ground of our brother Robert Turner, and to have it upon the usuall Condition of inoffensive Carryage." Thomas Joy was a house carpenter, builder, millwright and Architect, lucrative employments in a new country. (Hist of New Eng Palfrey I 383) Joan Gallop who married Thomas Joy in 1637, was the daughter of prominent citizen Captain John & Christabel Gallop of Boston. The Gallops trace descent from one John "Gollop," who came from the north of England in 1545? and settled in Dorsetshire. (General History of Gallup Family in US John D Gallup, Agawam, Massachusetts 1893) Captain John Gallop married at Bridgeport England (St Mary's Church), 19 Jan 1617, Christabel Bruchett. Capt. John came over in the "Mary & John" 1630. A skillful pilot and Indian trader, his services were accounted of great value to the colony. His wife and daughter remained in England, apparently for the dread of the perils of the sea. On July 4 1632, Governor Winthrop wrote Reverand John White, Puritan rector of Trinity Church, Dorchester, England: "I have much difficultye to keepe John Gallop here by reason of his wife will not come. I marvayle at the woman's weaknesse. I pray persuade and further her coming by all means. If she will come let her have the remainder of his wages; if not let it be bestowed to bring his children, for so he desired. It would be about £40 losse to him to come for her. Your assured in the Lord's worke, J Winthrop" Rev. White's persuasion seems to have conquered goodwife Gallop's qualms for in June 1634, Christabel Gallop was enrolled as a member of the First Church Boston to which her husband belonged. It is believed his family came in the "Griffin," Sept. 1633, which also brought two Puritan divines, John Cotton and Thomas Hooker, and which Gallop himself piloted to her anchorage. John Gallop's lands included a house & lot in the most desirable part of Boston with harbor islands, one which still bears his name (Gallops Island in the Quincy Bay Islands Cluster, which currently (2004) contains the Immigration Station and Maritime Radio School (Rain) - ferry available from George's and Lovell's Islands - information from http://www.bostonislands.org). His trading shallop was the principal means of communication between the Bay Colony & the settlements on Narragansett Bay & Long Island Sound. On one occasion when the little vessel, anxiously awaited, was at length sighted, Roger Williams is said to have exclaimed, "God be praised John Gallop has arrived!" A man of dauntless courage, in July 1636 John Gallop attacked the murderers of his friend John Oldham, off Block Island. With the help of his two young sons and one other man he dispatched or captured fourteen Indians. He served in the fierce campaign which grew out of this incident. His son John who married Hannah Lake, niece of the younger Winthrop, a man of his father's mettle, was one of the six Captains slain in the Great Swamp Fight in the Narragansett country, 1675. John Gallop, Sr. died 11 Jan 1650, his wife Christabel on 27 July 1655. Will of John Gallop, dated 20th of the 10th month, 1648: "To sonne John Gallop my new shallop after my death, to my daughter Joane my heaffer. My two youngest sons shall employ my barcke the first year after my decease wholly for their mother, & after one year to have two thirds for themselves and one third for theire mother, & to repair & maintain the barcke themselves, looking for no help from theire mother, only she shall have the third of profitt; also my wife shall have the use of howses, lands & goods, for hir comfortable maintenance so long as shee shall live; after hir decease it shall wholly remayne & be equally divided to my two youngest sonnes Samuel & Nathaniel Gallop, if they carry themselves as obedient children to theire mother; but if they be rebellious then shee shall have liberty to dispose of all as shee shall think Good; & if one sonne die before the other then all to remayne to the other; if both dye before theire mother then my wife shall dispose of all as shee shall thinke Goode. I doe give to John Joy, my daughter's sonne £5 to be paid to him at 21 years of age & if he dye before it shall remain to his brother Joseph. I doe give forth shillings to the building of the new meeting howse. Thus desiring to leave my wife & children & all, unto the wise disposing Providence of Almighty God, desiring his blessing upon them & craving favor of his love to their souls in the Lord Jesus Christ." <John Gallop's Signature Here> John Gallop, Sr. signed his will with a mark. An eminent antiquarian unthinkingly alluded to him as "Possessing less education than most of our early inhabitants." (NEHGR III 227; Winthrop's Journal I 97). Yet on a paper, existing in 1853, relating to the location of the meetinghouse, dated 10 Dec 1639, Gallop's signature is found with a "Considerable number of those of the inhabitants of the town." The above shows it to be an excellent specimen of the chirography of that day. (Drake Hist of Boston 243.) Extract from the will of Christabel Gallop: "Being in perfect memory though weak in body this 24th of the 5th month of 1655: I doe give unto my sonne John Gallop, halfe my money, which is about £15, & I doe give him ye bed I lye on, with one boulster, one coverlid & blankett, also one of the best brasse kettles, a sea chest, a great Bible, one pewter platter, one paire of sheetes, one pillowber, five napkins, one holland board cloth; halfe my waring clothes do I give Hannah, my sonne John Gallop's wife. I do give to my daughter Joane Joy halfe my money, with one great brasse pot, with one of ye best brass kettles, one flock bed, two blancketts, also one pair of my best sheetes, one bearing sheete, one odd sheete, one pewter candlestick, one porringer, one pewter platter & five napkins, with halfe my waring clothes. All these do I give to my daughter Joane Joy." (New England Hist Gen Reg V 444) The Book of Possessions, that list of early Boston lands & landowners, which Bostonians are fond of calling their "Doomsday Book," describes two lots belonging to Thomas Joy. From the town records, maps and deeds his holdings & transfers of real estate appear to have been considerable. He was early the owner of three tracts of land on the east side of the peninsula. The Book of Possessions was intended to be an official record of all lands in the town, with description & ownership, as a base for future conveyance. It was compiled sometime between 1640-50, twice extended to 1652 & 1657. The plan of the portions of Boston showing the two lots of Thomas Joy, was furnished by J. C. J. Brown, Esq. One lot by the waterside, a "meerstead" had his dwelling, near that of his father-in-law John Gallop. These "cove lots" were accounted the most desirable business locations in town. Here was the "Great Cove," to the right of which was Bendall's or the Town Dock, the principal landing place for vessels & the center of the town's merchandising. Dr Shurtleff, "Topographical & Historical Description of Boston" 383, states these "cove lots" were granted to the "principal men of the town" & lists eighteen owners in the order of their possession, beginning at the north. Thomas Joy is the second name, John Gallop is sixth. On Thomas Joy's half acre by the sea were two houses, both of which he doubtless built & dwelt in one. His acre farther inland became in after the years the "court end" or social center of the town. The mansions of Gov. Hutchinson & Sir Charles Henry Frankland & the home of Paul Revere were built there. The meetinghouse of Cotton & Increase Mather bordered on it. (Mem. Hist of Boston, Justin Winsor Ed II 10 11.) A third plot, perhaps the most valuable of all, was in Bendall's Cove not far from & perhaps including the sites of Faneuil Hall & the "old feather store." This lot which Thomas Joy deeded to Bozoan Allen 1647 (with the new house upon it & its wharf) is not given as belonging to Joy in the Book of Possessions & does not appear on the plan. At a town meeting 1642 "there is liberty granted Thomas Joy, carpenter, to set up an howse over his sellar by the waterside in the common way by his dwelling howse in the milfield, leaving, & from time to time keeping open, a passage of 6 foot in breadth between howse & howse." (2nd report of Record Commissioners of Boston, 1634-60, 71 81 84.) Perhaps he was slow in acting on this permission, for in 1644 he was ordered under penalty, to make a safe passage "over his sellar in the high way, by the waterside, in the milfield." But soon, because of his continued neglect of the town's order, the Constables were "appointed to require & receive of Thomas Joy, or to levy by distresse upon his goods 20s for the towne's Use." In 1665 (7th Report of Record Commissioners of Boston 1660-170, 26) "It is ordered that Thomas Joy In Consideration of a piece of ground butting vpon the new metting house to the North as his fence now stands, is freed from all raites during his & wife's naturall life & 40s in silver besides.: In 1676 (ibid 106) it being desirable to widen the streets in the north part of the town which had recently been swept by fire, "ye Selectmen" made the "ensuinge direction": "That the west side of the streete from Maj. Thos. Clarke's bricke wall run to a stake neere the corner of Thos Joy's land in that lane wch leads to the place of ye Meetinghouse & from that stake along the sd west side of the way as now staked out to the corner of Edmund Mountfort's foundation, on ye same side of ye way. And from the corner of Mr. Humphrey Warren's house on the East side of the way to a stake in the land of Danl Turine Junr over against yt at Thomas Joy's corner, where the streete is to be 22 foote in breadth & soe all alonge the streete to Edmond Mountfort's on the East & soe to the corner of Peter Gee's (Joy?) house, as now staked out." On this occasion Thomas Joy had some just cause of difference with the Selectmen "relateinge to satisfaction yt he required for inlarginge the streete where his houses were laid wast by fire.: (Ibid 112) The referees, 2 men of Hingham & 3 of Boston, to whom the dispute was committed found: "That the said Selectmen in the behalfe of the Towne of Bostone shall pay to Tho Joy or his order 50s in contrie pay vpon demad & 20s 1d in current money within one moneth after the date thereof, that the said Joy shall acquit & release to them his right & proprietie to the land now layd out for a high way for ye use of ye Towne, which is 22 foot in breadth betweene his land & the land of Danl Turill (Turine) on ye other side of ye way.: Until 1646 Thomas Joy's life in New England was that of a successful man. His increasing possessions bear witness to his prosperity in business. He was happily married, 4 sons gladdened his fatherly heart. But at this juncture his spirit of independence brought him into violent collision with the established authorities of the colony, with results painful to his person & hazardous to his fortunes. The political agitation in which Thomas Joy became involved was the famous "Dr. Child's Memorial," so named from the prominence of Dr. Robert Child in its orgination & support. It was a protest against certain illiberal customs of the period & particularly against the narrow policy of the Colonial government which since 1631 had restricted the right of suffrage to the members of the local Puritan churches … thus excluding more than three fourths of the adult male population from any participation in public affairs. (Pilgrim Republic, J A Goodwin 415; Puritan Age in Mass G E Ellis 203; Hist of New Eng Palfrey III 41, note 3, 135; Mem Hist of Boston Winsor ed I 196 note 1.) THE CHILD REMONSTRANCE AND PETITION (From the reprint in the Hutchinson Collection of Original Papers, 188-96): "To the Worshipful the Governor, the Deputy Governor, & the rest of the Assistants of the Massachusetts Bay in New England, together with the Deputyes of the General Court now assembled in Boston: The Remonstrance & humble Petition of us whose names are underwritten, in behalfe of ourselves & divers others within the jurisdiction, humbly sheweth, That we cannot but with all thankfulness, acknowledge your indefatigable paines, continuall care & constant vigilancy, which, by the blessing of the Almighty, hath procured unto this wilderness the much desired fruits of peace & plenty: While our native land, yea the Christian world, is sharply afflicted with the devouring sword & the sad consequents of intestine wars. And further, that you whom the Lord hath placed at the helme of these plantations & endowed with eminent gifts fitt for such honourable callings, are best able to foresee the clouds which hang over our heads, the storms & tempests which threaten this poor handful here planted & timously to amend them. Notwithstanding, those who are under decks, being at present unfit for higher employments, may perceive those leaks which will inevitably sink this weake & ill compacted vessell, if not by your wisdoms opportunely prevented. We who, in behalf of ourselves & divers of our countrymen, laying our hands upon our breasts & seriously considering that the had of our good God, who through his goodnesse hath safely brought us & ours through the great ocean & planted us here, seems not now to be with us, yea rather against us, blasting all our designs, though contrived with much deliberation, undertaken with great care, & proceeding with more than ordinary probability of successful events, by which many of good estates are brought to the brink of extreme poverty, yea at this time laying his just hand upon our familyes, taking many away to himself, striking others with unwonted malignant sicknesses, & with some shameful diseases, have thought it convenient with all respectivenesse to present these our sincere requests & remonstrances to this honored court, hoping we have found those speciall leaks, which concurring with many & great sins of this place (which our consciences know & our brethren of England are not ignorant of) are the speciall causes of the Lord's turning his face from us, leaving us to ourselves & consequently to strife, contention, unfaithfulnesse, idleness & of lamentable faylings, not blessing us in any of our endeavors, so as to give us any great hopes of staple commodities & consequently of comfortable subsistance, though we, to the utmost of our power these many years, even to the exhausting of our estates & spirits, have endeavored the same; but contrariwise, all things grow worse & worse, even to the threatening (in our apprehensions) of no less than finall ruine; not doubting but that you will receive them with the same candour of mind which we, not ayming at novelty or disturbance, but at the glory of God, our allegiance to the state of England, & good of these poor plantations (if our hearts deceive us not) present them unto you, though for want of skill & other necessary helpe roughly drawne up; & hope that you will be more diligent in amending than we in searching out the causes of these our present calamities, etc. Not to trouble you who are employed in the most serious affairs of these plantations with many words, we briefly referre them to these heads, etc. 1. Whereas this place hath been planted by the incouragement, next under God, of letters patents given & granted by His Majesty of England to the inhabitants thereof, with many privileges & immunities, viz. Incorporation into a company, liberty of choosing governors, settling government, making lawes not repugnant to the lawes of England, power of administring the oath of allegiance to all &c., as by the said letters patents more largely appeareth. Notwithstanding we can not, according to our judgments, discerne a setled forme of government according to the lawes of England, which may seem strange to our countryment, yea to the whole world, especially considering we are all English. Neither do we so understand & preceyve our owne lawes or libertyes, or any body of lawes here so established, as that thereby there may be a sure & comforatble enjoyment of our lives, libertyes & estates, according to our due & naturall rights, as freeborne subjects of the English nation. By which, many inconveniences flow into plantations, viz. jealousies of introducing arbitrary government, which many are prone to beleeve, construing the procrastination of such setled lawes to proceed from an overgreedy spirit of arbitrary power, (which it may be is their weaknes) such proceedings being detestable to our English nation & to all good men, & at present a cheife cause of the intestine war in our deare country: Further, it gives cause to many to thinke themselves hardly dealt with, others too much favored, & the scale of justice too much bowed & unequally balanced: From whence also proceedeth feares & jealousies of illegal commitments, unjust imprisonments, taxes, rates, customes, levyes of ungrounded & undoing assessments, unjustifiable presses, undue bynes, unmeasurable expenses & charges, of unconceyvable dangers through a negative or destructive vote unduly placed, & not well regulated, in a word, of a non certainty of all things we enjoy, whether lives, liberties or estates: & also of undue oaths, being subject to exposition, according to the will of him or them that gives them, & not according to a due & unbowed rule of law, which is the true interpreter of all oathes to all me, whether judge or judged. Wherefore our humble desire & request is, that you would be pleased to consider of our present condition & upon what foundation we stand & unanimously concurr to establish the fundamental & wholesome laws of our native country & such others as are no wayes repugnant to them, unto which all of us are most accustomed; & we suppose them best agreeable to our English tempers, & yourselves obliged thereunto by the generall charter & your oathe of allegiance. Neither can we tell, whether the Lord hath blessed many in these parts with such eminent politicall gifts, so as to contrive better lawes & customes than the wisest of our nation have with great consideration composed & by many hundred years experience have found most equal & just; which have procured to the nation & renowne amongst strangers & long peace & tranquility amongst themselves. And for the more strict & due observation & execution of the said lawes by all the ministers of justice. That there may be a setled rule for them to walke by in all cases of judicature, from which if they swerve there may be some power setled, according to the lawes of England, that may call them to account for their delinquencies, which may be a good meanes to prevent divers unnecessary appeales into England. Find A Grave: Thomas Joy BIRTH 6 May 1610 Norfolk, England DEATH 21 Oct 1678 (aged 68) Hingham, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, USA BURIAL Hingham Cemetery Hingham, Plymouth County, Massachusetts, USA MEMORIAL ID 11974856
William B.
