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About Pépin III , King of the Franks
ort" rel="nofollow">http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepin_the_Short.org/wiki/P%C3%A9pin_le_Brefthe Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768. He was the father of Charlemagne.er (690–724).ing sons by his first wife: Carloman became Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, Pepin became Mayor of the Palace of Neustria.nhilde), demanded a share in the inheritance, but he was imprisoned in a monastery by his two half-brothers. person of the king, Carloman, to secure this unity raised the Merovingian Childeric to the throne (743). In 747 he resolved to enter a monastery. This left Francia in the hands of Pepin as sole mayor of the palace and dux et princeps Francorum, a title originated by his grandfather and namesake Pepin of Heristal. to Duke Odilo of Bavaria, who was married to Hiltrude, Pepin's sister. Pepin put down the renewed revolt led by his half-brother and succeeded in completely restoring the boundaries of the kingdom.alace, and specifically commander of the standing guard which Charles Martel had begun maintaining year-round since Toulouse in 721.ions of Childric who had only the title of King but no power. Childric was considered a joke by the people. Since Pepin had control over the magnates and actually had the power of the king, he now addressed to Pope Zachary the suggestive question: In regard to the kings of the Franks who no longer possess the royal power, is this state of things proper?charias welcomed this advance of the Franks which aimed at ending an intolerable condition of things, and at laying the constitutional foundations for the exercise of the royal power. The pope replied that such a state of things was not proper. The de facto power is more important than the de jure power.Pope but by the Franks. According to the ancient custom Pepin was then elected King of the Franks by an assembly of Frankish leading-men, with a large portion of his army on hand (in the event that the nobility inclined not to honor the Papal bull), and anointed at Soissons, by Boniface, Archbishop of Mainz, who, along with his niece, Saint Leoba, was a court advisor.nued his rebellion, but was eventually killed in the battle of Saint-Jean de Maurienne in 753. Childeric III was deposed, his hair shaved off and he was confined to a monastery. He was the last of the Merovingians.stowing upon him the additional title of patricius Romanorum (Patrician of the Romans). As life expectancies were short in those days, and Pepin wanted family continuity, the Pope also anointed Pepin's sons, Charles (eventually known as Charlemagne) and Carloman.us Romanum, as a partial repayment for papal support in his quest for the crown. Victorious, he forced the Lombard king to return property seized from the Church and confirmed the papacy in possession of Ravenna and the Pentapolis, the so-called Donation of Pepin whereby the Papal States was founded.[2]ated his power further by integrating Aquitaine into the kingdom. In taking Narbonne, and formally annexing Aquitaine (whose status was always dependent on the strength of her suzerains), he completed the work of his father save for one last task: fully subduing the Saxons. He was preparing for war against them when his health began to fail, and thus, this final task was left for his son, the great Charlemagne.as buried "outside that entrance [of Saint Denis Basilica] according to his wishes, face down, for the sins of his father Charles Martel".[3]c law between his two sons: Charlemagne and Carloman I. He continued to build up the heavy cavalry which his father had begun. He maintained the standing army that his father had found necessary to protect the realm and form the core of its full army in wartime.rankish church (missionary work in Germany and Scandinavia) and the infrastructure (feudalism) that would prove the backbone of medieval Europe.r's or son's, was historically important and of great benefit to the Franks as a people. It can certainly be argued that Pepin's assumption of the crown, and the title of Patrician of Rome, were harbingers of his son's imperial coronation which is usually seen as the founding of the Holy Roman Empire. He certainly made the Carolingians de jure what his father had made them de facto—the ruling dynasty of the Franks and the foremost power of Europe. While not known as a great general, he was undefeated during his lifetime.Laon. Her father, Charibert, was the son of Pepin II's brother, Martin of Laon. They are known to have had eight children, at least three of whom survived to adulthood:
-Meuse (now part of Liege)i>li>^ Pepin's name can be very confusing. Historically, historians have vacillated between preference for Pepin, derived from the French Pépin, and the German Pippin. His nickname is also subject to whims, le Bref being translated as either "the Short" or "the Younger". The Younger is explained as referring to the fact that he was the younger of the two Arnulfing Pepins who ruled as mayors of the palace; the Short as deriving from the tales of Notker Balbalus regarding the King's diminutive size. More novel suggestions include a suggestion that "the Short" referred to his hair—since he was the first Frankish king to wear his hair shorn short. Dutton, PE, Charlemagne's Mustache.mstantial account of this important event, except that Pepin was anointed at Soissons, in March 752, by Boniface, bishop of Mainz, called the Apostle of Germany, before the assembly of the nation."/p>n Königinnen. Von Bertrada bis Marie Antoinette (8.-18. Jahrhundert) Pustet, Regensburg (1996) pp. 23-29 ISBN 3791715305 ISBN 978-3791715308Retrieved on 8 November 2008s/CAROLINGIANS.htm#PepinleBrefFranksB" rel="nofollow">http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/CAROLINGIANS.htm#PepinleBrefFranksB5-Saint-Denis 24 Sep 768, bur église de l'abbaye royale de Saint Denis). Einhard names "Karlomannum…et Pippinum atque Grifonem" as the three sons of "Karlus maior domus" when recording the latter's death[1].nst them.Alemannia and Aquitaine. As a symbolic assertion of their authority, they nominated Childeric III as Merovingian king in 743. In 745, Pepin appropriated the province of Alemannia for himself.e deposed King Childeric III at Soissons in Nov 751, with approval from Pope Zacharius[2], and succeeded as PEPIN “le Bref” King of the Franks.8 Jul 754 by Pope Stephen III [II], who had come to France to seek Pepin's help against the Lombards[3].the independence of Rome, marking the beginning of the Papal State. He captured Narbonne from the Muslim invaders in [759], and finally conquered Aquitaine after the death of Duke Waifar in 768.p>The necrology of Prüm records the death "768 VIII Kal Oct" of "Pippinus vir illuster"[4]. The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "VIII Kal Oct" of "Pipinus rex"[5]. The Annales Metenses record the death "VIII Kal Oct" of "Pippinus" and his burial "in basilica beati Dionysii"[6]. His burial place is confirmed by the Annales Laurissenses which record that the body of "domna Berta regina" was transferred to "ecclesia sancti Dionysii martiris" next to her husband[7]. --- ([720]-Choisy-au-Bac, near Compiègne 12 Jul 783[8], bur église de l'abbaye royale de Saint Denis). The Annales Laurissenses record the marriage in 749 of "Bertradem cognomine Bertam, Cariberti Laudunensis comitis filiam" and "Pippinus"[9]. "Pippinus rex Francorum" donated property to found Kloster Prüm by charter dated 13 Aug 762 which names "coniux mea Bertrada…genitor suus Heribertus"[10]. Pepin planned to divorce his wife, but was convinced otherwise by Pope Paul I in 762. After the death of her husband, she assumed a prominent role in government. She tried unsuccessfully to reconcile her two sons, meeting with Carloman at Seltz and also travelling to Italy in 770[11]. The Annales Fuldenses record that "Berhta regina" brought "filiam Desiderii regis Langobardorum" back from Italy as the wife for "Karolo filio suo"[12]. The Annales Laurissenses record the death "783 IV Id Jul" of "domna Berta regina", her burial "in Cauciaco", and the subsequent transfer of her body to "ecclesia sancti Dionysii martiris" next to her husband[13]. The necrology of Argenteuil Priory records the death "IV Id Jul" of "Bertrada regina"[14].or of the Palace and Duke of the Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768.ole Frankish kingdom (both Austrasia and Neustria), and later King of the Franks; born 714; died at St. Denis, 24 September, 768.arloman were taught by the monks of St. Denis, and the impressions received during their monastic education had a controlling influence upon the relations of both princes to the Church.e father died in 741 the two brothers began to reign jointly but not without strong opposition, for Griffon, the son of Charles Martel and the Bavarian Sonnichilde, demanded a share in the government. Moreover, the Duke of the Aquitanians and the Duke of the Alamannians thought this a favourable opportunity to throw off the Frankish supremacy., but all their opponents, including the Bavarians and Saxons, were defeated and the unity of the kingdom re-established.th St. Boniface, to whom was now opened a new field of labour, the reformation of the Frankish Church. On 21 April, 742, Boniface was present at a Frankish synod presided over by Carloman at which important reforms were decreed.ric to the throne (743). In 747 he resolved to enter a monastery. The danger, which up to this time had threatened the unity of the kingdom from the division of power between the two brothers, was removed, and at the same time the way was prepared for the deposing of the last Merovingian and for the crowning of Pepin.cceeded in completely restoring the boundaries of the kingdom. Pepin now addressed to the Pope the suggestive question: In regard to the kings o the Franks who no longer possess the royal power, is this state of things proper?ional foundations for the exercise of the royal power. The pope replied that such a state of things was not proper. After this decision the place Pepin desired to occupy was declared vacant.e crown was given him not by the pope but by the Franks. According to the ancient custom Pepin was then elected king and soon after this was anointed by Boniface. This consecration of the new kingdom by the head of the Church was intended to remove any doubt as to its legitimacy. On the contrary, the consciousness of having saved the Christian world from the Saracens produced, among the Franks, the feeling that their kingdom owed its authority directly to God. Still this external cooperation of the pope in the transfer of the kingdom to the Carolingians would necessarily enhance the importance of the Church.decline of ecclesiastical and civil life; it made possible the conversion of the still heathen German tribes, and when that was accomplished provided an opportunity for both Church and State to recruit strength and to grow.ly, which had belonged to them before Liutprand's conquest.the Lombard King Aistulf, and begged for the same protection for the prerogatives of St. Peter which the Byzantine exarchs had extended to them, to which the king agreed, and in the charter establishing the States of the Church, soon after given at Quiercy, he promised to restore these prerogatives. The Frankish king received the title of the former representative of the Byzantine Empire in Italy, i.e. "Patricius", and was also assigned the duty of protecting the privileges of the Holy See.ter who was regarded as the mystical giver of the secular power, but the emphasis thus laid upon the religious character of political law left vague the legal relations between pope and king. After the acknowledgment of his territorial claims the Pope was in reality a ruling sovereign, but he had placed himself under the protection of the Frankish ruler and had sworn that he and his people would be true to the king. Thus his sovereignty was limited from the very start as regards what was external to his domain.he years 754-56 in war with the Lombard King Aistulf, who was forced to return to the Church the territory he had illegally held.ently secured when he took Septimania from the Arabs. Another particularly important act was his renewed overthrow of the rebellion in Aquitaine which was once more made a part of the kingdom.He was not so fortunate in his campaigns against the Saxons and Bavarians. He could do no more than repeatedly attempt to protect the boundaries of the kingdom against the incessantly restless Saxons. Bavaria remained an entirely independent State and advanced in civilization under Duke Tassilo. the Frankish kingdom, his main object being the reform of legislation and internal affairs, especially of ecclesiastical conditions. He continued the ecclesiastical reforms commenced by St. Boniface. In doing this Pepin demanded an unlimited authority over the Church. He himself wished to be the leader of the reforms. However, although St. Boniface changed nothing by his reformatory labours in the ecclesiastico-political relations that had developed in the Frankish kingdom upon the basis of the Germanic conception of the State, nevertheless he had placed the purified and united Frankish Church more definitely under the control of the papal see than had hitherto been the case. From the time of St. Boniface the Church was more generally acknowledged by the Franks to be the mystical power appointed by God.cclesiastical supremacy of the Frankish king over the Church of his country remained externally undiminished. Nevertheless by his life-work Pepin had powerfully aided the authority of the Church and with it the conception of ecclesiastical unity.the great danger arising from social conditions that threatened the Frankish kingdom, by opposing to the unruly lay nobility the ecclesiastical aristocracy that had been strengthened by the general reform. the Saxons, the subjection of the duchies and lastly, the regulation of the ecclesiastical question and with it that of Italy.>68, St. Denis, Paris, Seine, France.'s Peerage page (Forrás / Source):I, King of the Franks (1)the Franks and Rotrud (?).>Pepin III, King of the Franks also went by the nick-name of Pepin 'the Short' (?). He gained the title of King Pepin of the Franks in 751. (1)tha de Laonpin den yngre[1] (fransk: Pépin le Bref, nederlandsk: Pepijn de Korte og tysk: Pippin der Kleine, Pippin der Kurze eller Pippin der Jüngere) (714–24. september 768), ofte kjente under den misforståtte oversettelsen Pipin den lille eller med rekketall Pipin III, var frankernes konge fra 751 til 768.1, ble makten overført til Karls legitime sønner, Pipin og Karloman som rikshovmestere av henholdsvis Neustria og Austrasia. Det var kanskje også meningen at Karls uekte sønn, Grifo, men han ble fengslet i et kloster av sine to halvbrødre. til Pipin som enslig rikshovmester og dux et princeps Francorum, en tittel som oppstod med hans bestefar Pipin av Herstal. Under reorganiseringen til Karl Martell av Frankia, var dux et princeps Francorum kommandantene til kongedømmets arméer, i tillegg til deres administrative plikter som rikshovmestre og spesifikt kommandanter av den stående livvakten som Martell hadde begynt å opprettholde året rundt siden Toulouse i 721.kongen Childerik III som konge, selv om Martell hadde etterlatt tronen tom siden Teoderik IVs død. Childerik hadde tittelen som konge, men han var en marionett. Ettersom tiden gikk, og hans bror forsvant ut av bildet, ble Pipin misfornøyd med nærværet av kongelig makt utover ham selv. Da Karloman trakk seg tilbake, flyktet Grifo fra sin varetekt og flyktet til hertug Odilo av Bayern som var gift med Hiltrude, Pipins søster. Odilo ble tvunget av Pipin til å anerkjenne frankisk overherredømme, men døde kort tid etterpå (18. januar 748). Pipin invaderte Bayern og innsatte Tassilo III som hertug under frankisk herredømme.ns makt, bestemte han seg for at det var på tide å gjøre det som hans far aldri hadde brydd seg med: gjøre karlongernes navn kongelige i loven slik det allerede reelt sett var. Pipin spurte pave Sakarias om hvem som skulle være den kongelige herskeren: personen med tittelen konge eller personen som tok avgjørelsene til en konge. Paven var avhengig av frankernes arméer for sin uavhengighet og hadde vært avhengig av dem som beskyttelse mot langobardene siden Karl Martells dager. Pipin kontrollerte disse arméene som hans far hadde gjort, derfor var pavens svar avgjort på forhånd. Paven gikk med på at de facto–makt var viktigere enn de jure–makt.h;tte fra paven og dempet dermed opposisjonen mot hans hus. Han ble valgt til frankernes konge av en forsamling av frankiske ledende menn. Han hadde en stor del av arméen for hånden, i tilfelle adelen ikke sluttet seg til den pavelige uttalelsen. Han ble innsatt i Soissons, kanskje av Boniface, erkebiskop av Mainz. Imens fortsatte Grifo sitt opprør, men ble til slutt drept i slaget ved Saint-Jean de Maurienne i 753.nde seremoni i Basilique Saint-Denis og gav ham tilleggstittelen patricius Romanorum (romernes patrisier). Ettersom forventet levealder var lav i de dager og Pipin ønsket kontinuitet i familien, velsignet paven også Pipins sønner, Karl og Karloman. en ekspansjonspolitikk inn i ducatus Romanum, delvis som takk for den pavelige støtten i hans forsøk på å overta kronen. Da han seiret, tvang han den langobardiske kongen til å gi tilbake eiendom som ble tatt fra kirken og bekreftet pavens kontroll over Ravenna og Pentapolis, også kalt Pipins donasjon hvor kirkestaten ble grunnlagt. I 759 drev han sarasenerne ut av Gallia da han erobret Narbonne og konsoliderte så sin makt videre ved å integrere Aquitaine inn i kongedømmet. Ved å ta Narbonne og formelt annektere Aquitaine (hvis status alltid hadde vært avhengig av hennes herskere), fullførte han arbeidet til sin far med unntak av en siste oppgave, fullstendig kue sakserne. Han forberedte seg for krig mot dem da helsen hans begynte å bli dårligere, og dermed ble den siste oppgaven overlatt til hans sønn, Karl den store.r sammen med sin kone Bertrada.r. Han fortsatte å å bygge opp det tunge kavaleriet som hans far satte i gang. Han opprettholdt den stående hæren som hans far grunnla for å beskytte riket og som dannet kjernen i hans regulære hær i krigstid. Han ikke bare opprettholdt sin fars politikk i å begrense maurerne til sine områder, men drev dem tilbake over Pyreneene da han tok Narbonne. Han fortsatte sin fars ekspansjon av den frankiske kirken (misjon i Tyskland og Skandinavia) og infrastrukturen (føydalisme) som ville bli ryggraden i middelalderens Europa. Hans styre var riktignok ikke like strålende som hans fars eller hans sønns, men det var historisk viktig og av stor fordel for den frankiske folk. Det kan hevdes at Pipins overtagelse av tronen og tittelen patrisier av Roma var forløpere til hans sønns keiserlige kroning som vanligvis blir sett på som grunnleggelsen av det tysk-romerske riket. Han gjorde karolingerne de jure, der hans far gjorde dem de facto, det herskende dynastiet av frankerne og den fremste makten i Europa. Mens han ikke var kjent som en stor general, var han ubeseiret i sin livstid.
I 740 giftet Pipin seg med Bertrada av Laon, hans tremennig. Hennes far, Charibert, var sønn til Pipin av Herstals bror, Martin av Laon. Av deres barn, ble to sønner og en datter voksne[2].
: em Jupille, parte da comuna de Liège; ou n/d 715, ou n/d c. 715. União com Berta: ou c. 740, ou 741. Casamento com Berta: ou 744, ou c. 744.I , King of Franks,ef="http://www.red1st.com/tng603/getperson.php?personID=I1748534526&tree=Axholme" rel="nofollow">http://www.red1st.com/tng603/getperson.php?personID=I1748534526&tree=AxholmeCharles 'the Hammer' Martel, Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia,s (Rotrou), Duchess of Austrasia,ety, Carloman could be ruthless towards opponents. After repeated armed revolts and rebellions in 746 he convened an assembly of the Alamanni magnates at Cannstatt and had most of them, numbering in the thousands, arrested and executed for high treason in the "Blood Court at Cannstatt". This eradicated virtually the entire tribal leadership of the Alamanni and ended the independance of the tribal duchy of Alamannia.s, Vienne, France 2>ranks, and his wife Chrotrud.as a member of the family later called the Carolingians and it can be argued that he was instrumental in consolidating their power at the expense of the ruling Merovingian kings of the Franks. He withdrew from public life in 747 to take up the monastic habit.es, though Grifo demanded a portion of the realm from his brothers, who refused him.towards his own area of influence as major domo, Pippin in the West (in what was called Neustria, roughly what is now France) and Carloman in the East (in what was called Austrasia, roughly what is now Germany), which was the Carolingian base of power.tive of Carloman, installed the Merovingian Childeric III as king (743), even though Martel had left the throne vacant since the death of Theuderic IV in 737.fraternal power sharing, Carloman and Pippin for seven years seemed at least willing to work together; certainly, they undertook many military actions together. Carloman joined Pippin against Hunald of Aquitaine's rising in 742 and again in 745. Pippin assisted Carloman against the Saxons 742-743, when Duke Theoderic was forced to come to terms, and against Odilo of Bavaria in 742 and again in 744, when peace was established between the brothers and their brother-in-law, for Odilo had married their sister Hiltrude.ned his authority in part via his support of the Anglo-Saxon missionary Winfrid (later Saint Boniface), the so-called "Apostle of the Germans," whom he charged with restructuring the church in Austrasia. This was in part the continuation of a policy begun under his grandfather, Pippin of Herstal, and continued to under his father, Charles Martel, who erected four dioceses in Bavaria (Salzburg, Regensburg, Freising, and Passau) and gave them Boniface as archbishop and metropolitan over all Germany east of the Rhine, with his seat at Mainz.ion from 723 on; indeed the saint himself explained to his old friend, Daniel of Winchester, that without it he could neither administer his church, defend his clergy, nor prevent idolatry.loman was instrumental in convening the Concilium Germanicum in 742, the first major Church synod to be held in the eastern regions of the Frankish kingdom. Chaired jointly by him and Boniface, the synod ruled that priests were not allowed to bear arms or to host females in their houses and that it was one of their primary tasks to eradicate pagan beliefs. While his father had frequently confiscated church property to reward his followers and to pay for the standing army that had brought him victory at Tours, (a policy supported by Boniface as necessary to defend Christianity) by 742 the Carolingians were wealthy enough to pay their military retainers and still support the Church. For Carloman, a deeply religious man, it was a duty of love, for Pippin a practical duty. Both saw the necessity of strengthening the ties between their house and the Church. Therefore, Carloman sought to increase the assets of the church. He donated, for instance, the land for one of Boniface's most important foundations, the monastery of Fulda.ns, Carloman in 746 convened an assembly of the Alamanni magnates at Cannstatt and then had most of the magnates, numbering in the thousands, arrested and executed for high treason in the Blood Court at Cannstatt. This eradicated virtually the entire tribal leadership of the Alamanni and ended the independence of the tribal duchy of Alamannia, which was thereafter governed by counts appointed by their Frankish overlords.the Bavarian Agilolfings.ary. All sources from the period indicate that Carloman's renunciation of the world was volitional, although some have speculated that he went to Rome for other, unspecified reasons and was "encouraged" to remain in Rome by the Pope, acting on a request from Pepin to keep Carloman in Italy.[3] period indicate that he believed his calling was the Church. He withdrew to Monte Cassino and spent most of the remainder of his life there, presumably in meditation and prayer. His son, Drogo, demanded from Pippin the Short his father's share of the family patrimony, but was swiftly neutralised.[4]here Duke Odilo provided support and assistance. But when Odilo died a year later and Grifo attempted to seize the duchy of Bavaria for himself,t princeps Francorum, took decisive action by invading Bavaria and installing Odilo's infant son, Tassilo III, as duke under Frankish suzerainty. Grifo continued his rebellion, but was eventually killed in the battle of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne in 753.I had begged Pippin, now king, to come to his aid against the king of the Lombards, Aistulf. Carloman left Monte Cassino to visit his brother to ask him not to march on Italy (and possibly to drum up support for his son Drogo).[5]den lille av Franken (även Pippin den yngre)nterred there in the basilica with his wife Bertrada. Pepin was buried 'outside that entrance [of Saint Denis Basilica] according to his wishes, face down, for the sins of his father Charles Martel'".de Lieja, Bélgica, de donde arranca una gran parte de la dinastía Merovingia y Carolingia) y murió el 24 de septiembre de 768 en Saint-Denis (en el norte de Francia). Hijo menor de Carlos Martel y de Rotrudis de Tréveris. Sus cargos fueron:rasia (747-751)dó el cargo de mayordomo (especie de Jefe de Gobierno o Primer Ministro) del palacio de Austrasia y Pipino, el de mayordomato del palacio de Neustria.a dinastía merovingia, cuando los jóvenes "reyes holgazanes" no tienen ya ninguna autoridad y los mayordomos de palacio son los verdaderos gobernantes del Estado. Carlomán y Pipino se reparten entonces el poder del reino franco, que gobernarán entre los dos, luchando, en primer lugar, por devolver la estabilidad a las fronteras del reino.reforma de la Iglesia con la ayuda del obispo San Bonifacio y se realizan dos concilios: el primero en Austrasia, convocado por Carlomán en 742-743; el segundo por Pipino, en 744 en Soissons (Neustria), en el que adoptará las decisiones tomadas en el concilio de Austrasia. Esta reforma establecerá la jerarquía en el seno del clero franco, a cuya cabeza se encuentra Bonifacio (evangelizador de Germania), como dirigente de los obispos repartidos por las ciudades del reino.n in 0714 in Austrasia, France.1nd Alpaide Austrasia; his maternal grandparents were Saint/Bishop Leutwinus Treves and daughter of Chrodobertus.ndree. He was the second oldest of the five children. He had a half-sister named Aude.Bertrade were married. They had a son and a daughter, named Charlemagne and Bertbelle.: (Rosamond, Frankish kingdom under Carolingians.)
on of Charles Martel and Rotrude=Chrotrud, Duchesse d'Austrasie ). Married circa 740: Berthe=Bertrada de Laon, daughter of Charibert, Count de Laon and Bertrade N? ;librod, famous apostle of Frisia and was brought up at the Monastery of Saint-Denis. He would protect the bishops.se onFrederick Lewis Weis, additions by Walter Lee Shippard Jr., 1999751-768; m.Bertha.-- dau. of Count Canbert of Laon. (Weis) 1ear the saint in 768 and is interred there in the basilica with his wife Bertrada. Pepin was buried "outside that entrance [of Saint Denis Basilica] according to his wishes, face down, for the sins of his father Charles Martel".s of the palaces of Neustria and Austrasia respectively. Power may also have been intended for Charles' illegitimate son, Grifo, but he was imprisoned in a monastery by his two half-brothers. Carloman, who by all evidence was a deeply pious man, retired to a monastery in 747. This left Francia in the hands of Pippin as sole mayor of the palace and dux et princeps Francorum, a title originated by his grandfather and namesake Pippin of Heristal. to their administrative duties as mayor of the palace, and specifically commander of the standing guard which Martel had begun maintaining year-around since Toulouse in 721.ion, Pippin and Carloman, who had not proved themselves in battle in defense of the realm as their father had, installed the Merovingian Childeric III as king, even though Martel had left the throne vacant since the death of Theuderic IV. Childeric had the title of king, but he was a puppet. As time passed, and his brother bowed out of the picture, Pippin became discontent with the presence of any royal power but himself.by Pippin to acknowledge Frankish overlordship, but died soon after (January 18, 748). Pippin invaded Bavaria and installed Tassilo III as duke under Frankish overlordship.ed Bertrada of Laon, his second cousin. Her father, Charibert, was the son of Pippin II's brother, Martin of Laon. Of their children, two sons and a daughter survived to adulthood.il 2, 742 – January 28, 814), Charlemagne (Charles the Great)ed there in the basilica with his wife Bertrada. Pippin was buried "outside that entrance (of St. Denis basilica), face down, for the sins of his father Charles Martel".[1] Historical opinion often seems to regard him as the lesser son and lesser father of two greater men, though a great man in his own right. He continued to build up the heavy cavalry which his father had begun. He maintained the standing army that his father had found necessary to protect the realm and form the core of its full army in wartime. He not only maintained his father's policy of containing the Moors, he drove them over and across the Pyrenees with the capture of Narbonne. He continued his father's expansion of the Frankish church (missionary work in Germany and Scandinavia) and the infrastructure (feudalism) that would prove the backbone of medieval Europe. His rule, while not as great as either his father's or son's, was historically important and of great benefit to the Franks as a people./h3> or Carolus Magnus in Latin but we know him best as Charlemagne. This great man was to truly change the history of France, mark the true beginning of the Middle Ages with feudalism, seignorialism and the code of chivalry. In fact, not only was he the father of feudalism but the father of the county system. His impact on the history of France and the rest of Europe was immense not just for the system of government he invented. He was also a man modern genealogists should praise for his influence over learning and record keeping by both church and state.the Short or Pippin[1] (714 – September 24, 768), often known as Pepin the Younger or Pepin III, was the King of the Franks from 751 to 768 and is best known for being the father of Charlemagne, or Charles the Great.e kingdom of Austrasia. His father was Charles Martel, mayor of the palace and duke of the Franks, and his mother was Chrotrud (a.k.a. Rotrude of Treves) (690-724).er, Charles Martel, in 741, power was passed down to Charles' legitimate sons, Carloman and Pepin as mayors of the palaces of Neustria and Austrasia respectively. Power may also have been intended for Charles' illegitimate son, Grifo, but he was imprisoned in a monastery by his two half-brothers. Carloman, who by all evidence was a deeply pious man, retired to a monastery in 747. This left Francia in the hands of Pepin as sole mayor of the palace and dux et princeps Francorum, a title originated by his grandfather and namesake Pepin of Heristal.arles Martel the dux et princeps Francorum were the commanders of the armies of the Kingdom, in addition to their administrative duties as mayor of the palace, and specifically commander of the standing guard which Martel had begun maintaining year-around since Toulouse in 721.r father had, installed the Merovingian Childeric III as king, even though Martel had left the throne vacant since the death of Theuderic IV. Childeric had the title of king, but he was a puppet. As time passed, and his brother bowed out of the picture, Pepin became discontent with the presence of any royal power but himself.ent and fled to Duke Odilo of Bavaria, who was married to Hiltrude, Pepin's sister. Odilo was forced by Pepin to acknowledge Frankish overlordship, but died soon after (January 18, 748). Pepin invaded Bavaria and installed Tassilo III as duke under Frankish overlordship.ather had never bothered to do, make the Carolingian name royal in law as well as fact. Pepin asked Pope Zachary who should be the royal ruler: the person with the title of King, or the person who makes the decisions as King. Since the Pope depended on the Frankish armies for his independence, and had depended on them for protection from the Lombards since the days of Charles Martel, and Pepin, as his father had, controlled those armies, the Pope's answer was determined well in advance. The Pope agreed that the de facto power was more important than the de jure power. Thus, Pepin, having obtained the support of the papacy, discouraged opposition to his house. He was elected King of the Franks by an assembly of Frankish leading-men (it must be noted he had a large portion of his army on hand, in the event that the nobility inclined not to honor the Papal Bull) and anointed at Soissons, perhaps by Boniface, Archbishop of Mainz, who, along with his niece, Saint Leoba, was a court advisor. Meanwhile, Grifo continued his rebellion, but was eventually killed in the battle of Saint-Jean de Maurienne in 753. monastery. He was the last of the Merovingians.ng upon him the additional title of patricius Romanorum (Patrician of the Romans). As life expectancies were short in those days, and Pepin wanted family continuity, the Pope also anointed Pepin's sons, Charles (eventually known as Charlemagne) and Carloman.a partial repayment for papal support in his quest for the crown. Victorious, he forced the Lombard king to return property seized from the Church and confirmed the papacy in possession of Ravenna and the Pentapolis, the so-called Donation of Pepin whereby the Papal States was founded. In 759, he drove the Saracens out of Gaul with the capture of Narbonne and then consolidated his power further by integrating Aquitaine into the kingdom. In taking Narbonne, and formally annexing Aquitaine (whose status was always dependent on the strength of her suzerains), he completed the work of his father save for one last task: fully subduing the Saxons. He was preparing for war against them when his health began to fail, and thus, this final task was left for his son, the great Charlemagne.in died at Saint Denis in 768 and is interred there in the basilica with his wife Bertrada. Pepin was buried "outside that entrance (of St. Denis basilica), face down, for the sins of his father Charles Martel".[1] Historical opinion often seems to regard him as the lesser son and lesser father of two greater men, though a great man in his own right. He continued to build up the heavy cavalry which his father had begun. He maintained the standing army that his father had found necessary to protect the realm and form the core of its full army in wartime. He not only maintained his father's policy of containing the Moors, he drove them over and across the Pyrenees with the capture of Narbonne. He continued his father's expansion of the Frankish church (missionary work in Germany and Scandinavia) and the infrastructure (feudalism) that would prove the backbone of medieval Europe. His rule, while not as great as either his father's or son's, was historically important and of great benefit to the Franks as a people. It can certainly be argued that Pepin's assumption of the crown, and the title of Patrician of Rome, were harbingers of his son's imperial coronation which is usually seen as the founding of the Holy Roman Empire. He certainly made the Carolingians de jure what his father had made them de facto—the ruling dynasty of the Franks and the foremost power of Europe. While not known as a great general, he was undefeated during his lifetime.n of Laon. Of their children, two sons and a daughter survived to adulthood.ecember 4, 771)http://www.rpi.edu/~holmes/Hobbies/Genealogy/ps03/ps03_449.htmgne. A son of Charles Martel, Pepin became sole de facto ruler of the Franks in 747 and then, on the deposition of Childeric III in 751, king of the Franks. He was the first Frankish king to be anointed--first by St. Boniface and later (754) by Pope Stephen II.o those of the counts and other magnates. The kings were gradually eclipsed by the mayors of the palace, whose status developed from that of officer of the household to regent or viceroy. Among the mayors, a rich family descended from Pepin of Landen (Pepin I) held a position of especial importance. When Charles Martel, the scion of that family, died in 741, he left two sons: the elder, Carloman, mayor of Austrasia, Alemannia, and Thuringia, and Pepin III, mayor of Neustria, Burgundy, and Provence. No king had ruled over all the Franks since 737, but to maintain the fiction of Merovingian sovereignty, the two mayors gave the crown to Childeric III in 743. (See mayor of the palace.), probably his mistress. In 741, when his two brothers were declared mayors of the Franks, Grifo rebelled. He led a number of revolts in subsequent years and was several times imprisoned. In 753 he was killed amid the Alpine passes on his way to join the Lombards, at this time enemies of the Franks as well as of the papacy.d Alemannia were in revolt; in 743 Odilo, duke of Bavaria, led his men into battle; in 744 the Saxons rebelled, in 745 Aquitaine, and in 746 Alemannia, both the latter for the second time.47, when Carloman decided to enter monastic life at Rome, a step he had been considering for years, Pepin became sole ruler of the Franks. But Pepin was ambitious to govern his people as king, not merely as mayor. Like his father, he had courage and resolution; unlike his father, he had a strong desire to unite the papacy with the Frankish realm. In 750 he sent two envoys to Pope Zacharias with a letter asking: "Is it wise to have kings who hold no power of control?" The pope answered: "It is better to have a king able to govern. By apostolic authority I bid that you be crowned King of the Franks." Childeric III was deposed and sent to a monastery, and Pepin was anointed as king at Soissons in November 751 by Archbishop Boniface and other prelates.The pope was in need of aid. Aistulf, king of the Lombards, had seized Ravenna with its lands, known as the exarchate. Soon, Lombard troops marched south, surrounded Rome, and prepared to lay siege to its walls. So matters stood when in 752 Zacharias died and Stephen II became pope. In November 753 Pope Stephen made his way over the stormy mountain passes to Frankish territory. He remained in France until the summer of 754, staying at the abbey of Saint-Denis, Paris. There he himself anointed Pepin and his sons, Charles and Carloman, as king and heirs of the crown. (See Italy, history of.)is men plundered the land around Pavia until Aistulf promised to restore to papal possession Ravenna and all the Roman properties claimed by the pope.pe Stephen wrote to Pepin of his difficulties. In 756 the Frankish king once more entered Italy. Aistulf was once more constrained to make promises, but the same year he died--of a fall from his horse--and in April 757 a new king, Desiderius, became ruler of the Lombards. That year Stephen II also died, and Paul I was elected pope. He, too, constantly wrote to Pepin asking for help. King of the Franks had other concerns. He had to put down revolts in Saxony in 748 and 753 and a rising in Bavaria in 749. He was continually marching against rebellious Aquitaine. In 768 Pepin died at Saint-Denis, on his way back from one of his Aquitainian expeditions.pal claims to territory in Italy originated with Pepin's campaigns against Aistulf and the latter's pledge to return the Roman territories. His letters also show him calling for archbishoprics in Frankish territory, promoting synods of clergy and layfolk, and as deeply interested in theology.oniface, b. ca. 675 in Devonshire, England, a monk who was commissioned by the pope to work in Germany, murdered in 754 by pagans, called the Apostle to the Germans; his consecration of Pippin was approved by the pope, wherein the church acknowledged his royal title and which Pippin rewarded by establishing the temporal power of the papacy). He extended Austrasian power beyond the Rhine and the Pyrenees, and his alliance with the church opened the way for restoration of take its name (Carolingian) from his great son (Carolus = Charles). A younger son, Carloman, received the southern half of his domains, but on Carloman's death in Dec. 771 Charles siezed these lands./fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9pin_le_Breflass="external" href="http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._Pipin_frank_kir%C3%A1ly" rel="nofollow">http://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._Pipin_frank_kir%C3%A1lyhis wife were first cousins once removedthe Mayor of the Palace and Duke of the Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768. He was the father of Charlemagne.of the Franks, and of Rotrude of Trier (690-724).nd Duke of the Franks from 741 and King of the Franks from 751 to 768.er, Carloman, his surviving sons by his first wife: Carloman became Mayor of the Palace of Austrasia, Pepin became Mayor of the Palace of Neustria. Grifo, Charles's son by his second wife, Swanahild (aka Swanhilde), may also have been intended to receive an inheritance, but he was imprisoned in a monastery by his two half-brothers. Carloman, who by all evidence was a deeply pious man, retired to a monastery in 747. This left Francia in the hands of Pepin as sole mayor of the palace and dux et princeps Francorum, a title originated by his grandfather and namesake Pepin of Heristal.d 735 (?) Pepin married Leutberga (712?-760?) from the Danube region. They had five children. She was repudiated some time after the birth of Charlemagne and her children were sent to convents. According to some sources, she settled in Lorsch, possibly in a convent. Laon. They are known to have had at least four children, including our ancestor Charlemagne.Pope make the Carolingian name royal in law as well as fact. Pepin asked Pope Zachary, "Is it right that the royal power sit with the person with the title of King, or the person who makes the decisions as King?" The Pope answered that the de facto power is more important than the de jure power. Thus, Pepin, having obtained the support of the papacy, discouraged opposition to his house. He was elected King of the Franks by an assembly of Frankish leading-men, with a large portion of his army on hand (in the event that the nobility inclined not to honor the Papal bull), and anointed at Soissons, by Boniface, Archbishop of Mainz, who, along with his niece, Saint Leoba, was a court advisor. Meanwhile, Grifo continued his rebellion, but was eventually killed in the battle of Saint-Jean de Maurienne in 753. Childeric III was deposed, his hair shaved off and he was confined to a monastery. He was the last of the Merovingians. the way to Paris to anoint him in a lavish ceremony at Saint Denis Basilica, bestowing upon him the additional title of patricius Romanorum (Patrician of the Romans). As life expectancies were short in those days, and Pepin wanted family continuity, the Pope also anointed Pepin's sons, Charles (eventually known as Charlemagne) and Carloman.the Lombard king Aistulf, who had a policy of expansion into the ducatus Romanum, as a partial repayment for papal support in his quest for the crown. Victorious, he forced the Lombard king to return property seized from the Church and confirmed the papacy in possession of Ravenna and the Pentapol
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Adolf
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