Wigeric o Wideric o Wederic DE LOTHARINGIE

♂ Wigeric o Wideric o Wederic DE LOTHARINGIE

Eigenschaften

Art	Wert	Datum	Ort	Quellenangaben
Name	Wigeric o Wideric o Wederic DE LOTHARINGIE

Ereignisse

Art	Datum	Ort
Geburt	882	Aachen, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany nach diesem Ort suchen
Bestattung		Monasterio de Hastiéres, Namur, Bélgica nach diesem Ort suchen
Tod	zu einem Zeitpunkt zwischen 19. Januar 916 und 13. Juni 919	Hastière, Namur, Bélgica nach diesem Ort suchen
_UPD
Heirat
_UPD

Ehepartner und Kinder

Heirat	Ehepartner	Kinder
	Cunégunde DE FRANCE	etwa 911 Gozlin o Gothelon o Gozelo DE BIDGAU ♂

Notizen zu dieser Person

<h1 style="line-height: normal; text-transform: none; font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; white-space: normal; letter-spacing: normal; color: #000000; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;"><img src="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/m.gif" alt="MALE" width="16" height="16" /> Wigeric (Wigericus, Widricus)</h1>

<h3 style="line-height: normal; text-transform: none; font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; white-space: normal; letter-spacing: normal; color: #000000; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">Count 899, 902, 909 (in Bidgau), 908×915. Count palatine, 916.</h3>

In act of king Zwentibold, on 23 January 899, Wigeric (Widiacus) appeared together with count Ricuin (who later married his widow) ["..., quia Richquinus et Widiacus venerandi comites nostri ..." MGH DD Zw 66 (#27); Wampach (1935), 147 (#134)]. On 19 September 902, in an act of Ludwig das Kind (Louis the Child), rights in Trèves passed from the count to the bishop, with the consent of count Wigeric ["... per consensum Wigerici comitis ..." MGH DD LdK 121 (#17); Wampach (1935), 151-2 (#138); Chatelain (1898-1901), 109, n. 5]. In February of 903 or 904, count Wigeric gave all of his lands in Itzig (Eptiacum) in Woevre to the abbey of Echternach [Wampach (1935), 152-3 (#139); also, see the map at the end, showing Itzig just to the southeast of Luxemburg]. On 1 January 909, Wigeric was witness to a charter ("Signum Widrici comitis") in which a certain Roricus exchanged property with the abbacy of Saint-Maximin in Trier, receiving from the abbey property "in pago Bedinse in comitatu Widrici in villa vocabulo Eslingis"... [Wampach (1935), 156-161 (#141a, b)].

In the period 908×915, king Charles the Simple gave to the church of Saint-Lambert at Liège the abbacy of Hastière an der Maas, then held by royal order by count Windricus for his life and the lives of his wife Cunigundis and of Adalbero, one of his sons, nepos of Charles, with the qualification that they continue to hold the said abbacy for their lives ["In nomine sancte et individuae Trinitatis. Carolus divina propiciante clementia rex Francorum. Si congruis fidelium nostrorum petitionibus aurem nostre munificentie aperimus, eorum propensius animos ad nostram fidelitatem invitamus.Animadverterit igitur sancte Dei ecclesie nostrorumque fidelium tam in presenti quamque in futuro tempore succedentium industria, quia nostre dignitatis sublimitatem cum omni humilitate adeuntes comes Reynerus et demarcus et Rotbertus comes et demarcus necnon et Rotbertus nobis dilectis pronis flagitaverunt genibus ut quamdam abbatiam nomine dictam Hasteriam, quam comes Windricus per preceptum habebat regale, que sita est in comitatu Coivense, super fluvium Mosam, ipso consentiente et deprecante, per nostre authoritatis preceptum sancte Marie et sancti Lamberti contulissemus, ea scilicet ratione, quatenus eandem abbatiam et alteram in honore sancti Rumoldi martyris constructam, que sita est in comitatu Penis [recté Renis] supra fluvium Tameram, que etiam sub potestate Stephani sancti Tungrensis ecclesie episcopi habebatur, ipso etiam consentiente et deprecante, diebus vite sue et uxoris eius nomine Cunegundis et unius filiorum ipsorum videlicet nostri nepotis Adelberonis, possideant cum omni integritate. Quorum libentissime precibus annuentes, concedimus animo libenter, quod nostram maiestatem deprecatum est humiliter, ac tamen ut supradictum est diebus vite sue et uxoris eius et unius filii ipsorum, habeant, teneant atque possideant suprascriptas abbatias cum ecclesiis et mancipiis utriusque sexus, terris cultis et incultis, vineis, silvis, pratis, pascuis, aquis aquarumve decursibus et omnibus iuste et legaliter ad se pertinentibus, iure siquidem beneficario et usufructuario; post illorumque ab hac luce discessum, nemine contrariante, premorata abbatiae revertantur ambe cum omni integritate ad eandem potestatem de qua Maslinas fuisse noscuntur. Et ut hoc nostre auctoritatis preceptum firmius habebatur veriusque credatur et attentius observetur, manu propria subter firmavimus, et annuli nostri impressione sigillari iussimus." Wampach (1935), 164-6 (#144); for the dates, Wampach states that another document dated 18 January 908 is earlier (details unclear), and the date of the document is bounded on the other side by Regnier's death in 915].

At Herstal on 19 January 916, the count palatine Widricus (Widricus comes palatii) is included in a list of many Frankish nobles, which also includes Ricuin and his son Otto. [Parisot (1898), 616; Barth (1990), 185-7; Wampach (1935), 160-1 (#146); see also RHF 9: 526-7 (which, unfortunately, is mostly illegible on these pages in the copy downloadable from Gallica)]. He is not on a similar list 13 June 919 [Parisot (1898), 633; Barth (1990), 187-8; Wampach (1935), 161-2 (#147)], but neither is Ricuin. Since Cunégonde married Ricuin as her second husband, and the latter died in 923, Wigeric certainly died before the latter date, and probably before 919 (see below).

Wigeric may have been the corrupt ("depravatus") count Wigeric who, evidently during the tenure of bishop Ludhelm of Toul (895-906), ordered a chapel to be constructed at Mazerais by the advice of unjust men, which was later ordered destroyed by bishop Gauzlin of Toul and bishop Adalbero of Metz on 20 July 943 or 944 ["Widricus quidam comes depravatus consilio quorundam iniquorum hominum fieri iussit prefatum capellum - in loco nuncupato Masiriaco super fluvium Mattis" Wampach (1935), 197 (#157)]. Parisot would identify this Wigeric with the present count [Parisot (1904), 322, n. 4], but Wampach noted that the style is strange, because of the negative way in which Wigeric is described, in a document involving Adalbero (his son if the identification is correct) [Wampach (1935), 198; see also Depoin (1905-8), 38].

Date of Birth: Unknown. Place of Birth: Unknown.

Date of Death: After 19 January 916, probably before 13 June 919. He and Ricuin of Verdun were both listed among those at the meeting at Herstal on 19 January 916, but neither was at the meeting there on 13 June 919 [see above]. Given that he certainly died long enough before Ricuin of Verdun (d. 15 November 923) to account for his widow's marriage to the latter, his absence on 13 June 919 is best explained by his death before that date. However, as was pointed out by Hlawitschka, it cannot be regarded as certain that Wigeric was deceased by this date [Hlawitschka (2002), 64-5]. Place of Death: Hastières (also buried there). In a charter of Adalbero I, bishop of Metz, dated 6 October 944, he states that his father (genitor) Wigeric died at and was buried at Hastières ["... genitor meus nobilis comes Vigiricus fecit, qui in eodem monasterio ergastulo soltus mortis et traditius sepulture, ..." Wampach (1935), 200 (#158); see below for a full transcript of the charter].

Father: Unknown. Mother: Unknown. Although it appears that Wigeric was of royal descent, based on the statement in the life of abbot John of Gorze that his son Adalbero was of royal descent on both the paternal and maternal side ["... Adalbero, preter spem omnium, cum esset regii quidem paterna simul ac materna stirpe longe retro usque ab hominum memoria sanguinis, ..." Vita Iohannis Gorziensis, c. 40, 76; Adalbero's maternal royal descent is known, as discussed on <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/kunig000.htm">Cunégonde's page</a>], there does not appear to be any good reason to accept any of the various conjectures which have arisen regarding Wigeric's parentage. See the Commentary section below.

Spouse: <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/kunig000.htm">Cunégonde</a>, daughter of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/ermen102.htm">Ermentrude</a>, who was daughter of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/louis001.htm">Louis II</a>, king of France. (She m. (2), <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/richw000.htm">Ricuin</a>, d. 923, count of Verdun.) The name of Wigeric's wife is clearly documented by the document of 908×915, mentioned above, and by the donations of their children Adalbero and Liutgarde, mentioned below. The identification with Ermentrude's daughter Cunégonde is discussed in detail on <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/kunig000.htm">Cunégonde's page</a>. See the Commentary section for other supposed wives.

Children: The two charters which directly document Adalbero and Liutgarde as children of Wigeric are quoted below. For further details on these individuals, see <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/kunig000.htm">Cunégonde's page</a>.

<img src="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/m.gif" alt="MALE" width="16" height="16" /> Adalbero I, b. say 905×910?, d. 26 April 962, bishop of Metz, 929-962. ["In nomine sancte et individue Trinitatis. Adelbero beate Metensis ecclesie presul humillimus omnibus eiusdem ecclesie pontificibus, bonis ditari perhennibus. Scriptum est ut, ante omnia et super omnia regnum Dei et iusticiam eius querentes, postposito mundialis amoris onere, intentionis nostre studium ad patrie celestis, quam primi parentis offensione humanum genus amisit, repetendam hereditatem omni vigilantia et devotione properemus, et ad Dominum per eundem Christum nobis restitutum infatigabiliter tendamus, quo feliciter cum eo in eternum gaudere mereamur. Quapropter ad multorum venire desidero memoriam, qualiter parentes mei in palatio regum suis temporibus existentium inter primores regni, qui virtute ac sapientia claruerunt, fuerunt sublimati et quomodo eorum liberalitate multarum rerum ac prediorum, auxiliante Deo, possessores extiterunt et magnam in regno dignitatis gratiam obtinuerunt; qua factum est ut inter cetera meorum genitorum largitatis beneficia, post eorum discessum, abbatiam sanctae Dei genetricis perpetuaeque Virginis Mariae in loco Harsteria in comitatu Lotmensi super fluvium Mosae, dono largitionis eorum perpetuis temporibus possidendum promueri. Denique me ad decus pontificale conscendente, dignae memoriae Ottonis multigenarum regis adiens presentiam, ipsius poposci industriam, ut eam ecclesie sancti Stephani, Metensi videlicet, cuius rector tunc fore dinoscebar, sue principalitatis dono redonaret et authoritate regie dignitatis iterando confirmaret. Qui siquidem nostris pulsatus precibus, omnibusque palatii regibus, rectoribus, quorum maxima pollebat multitudine, dignam nostram esse petitionem affirmantibus, ut vir bonus retribuit et sui honoris preceptum sigillo roboratum proprio, manu porrexit regia, auxiliante quoque totius creature protectoris clementia. Inde cum eiusdem redeuntes gratia, cartam nobiscum allatam, prefati martyris Christi imposuimus altari vultu alacri. Deinde cordi fuit ut concessam visitaremus parochaim, iusta et digna bono statuentes desiderio, inutilia similiter abiciendo, tandem infra muros urbis quoddam reperimus monasterium, in honorem principis apostolorum Petri scilicet et egregii confessoris Dei Sulpitii dicatum, in quo etiam corpus venerabilis Glodesindis esse dinoscitur humatum, valde, quod non esset fortuitu, in malis actibus diffamatum. Hoc, ut erat necesse, ad restaurationem reducere cupientes, normam sancti Benedicti, ut fuit olim, inibi statuimus, ac neptem nostram Himiltrudem sanctis monialibus, preficimus. Et ne isdem locus ad priorem causam paupertatis et inopie rediret statum, pro Dei amore ac reverentia et pro parentum meorum optata requie seu et anime mee salute, proque eorum qui in felicibus votis et factis cooperatores et auxiliatores mihi specialiter fuerunt, remuneration, prefatam abbatiam iam dicto concessi loco, quemadmodum mihi genitor meus nobilis comes Vigiricus fecit, qui in eodem monasterio ergastulo solutus mortis et traditus sepulture, quo omni tempore ad prebendam sanctarum monialium Deo in annotata ecclesia servientium, cum omnibus sibi appendiciis habeatur subiecta et sub nullius regatur abritrio, nisi cui abbatissa ipsius loci commiserit ........ Adelbero sancte Mettensis ecclesie humilis episcopus subscripsi. ... Actum Mettis publice sub die pridie non(as) Octob(ris), anno VIIII. regnante domno Ottone rege feliciter, indictione III." Metz, 6 October 944, Wampach (1935), 199-200 (#158)]

<img src="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/f.gif" alt="FEMALE" width="16" height="16" /> Liutgard, living 8 April 960; m. (1) Adalbert; m. (2) Eberhard. "In nomine sancte et individue Trinitatis.Cum scriptura divina omnem hominem moneat elemosinis esse peccata redimenda, quia: Sicut aqua extinguit ignem, ita elemosina extinguit peccatum; et item:Facite elemosinam et munda erunt omnia vobis; idcirco ego Liutgardis necessariam esse huius precepti obedicionem omni christiano, prospiciens tam salubri ammonicioni fidelem obediente aurem accomodare disposui et ne inutilis esset et vana cogitacio operibus adimplere curavi. Tradidi igitur sancto confessori Christi Maximino, qui in suburbio urbis Treverice requiescit, quoddam mee proprietatis predium Mambra nuncupatum ad opus monachorum ibidem Deo servientium in comitatu Mithegovve, cui Godefridus comes presse videtur, quod michi ex parentibus meis Wigerico et Cunegunda hereditario iure acceccit, pro remedio et absloutione eorundem parentum meorum, seniorum quoque meorum Alberti et Everhardi vel filiorum meorum et remissione peccatorum meorum, cum ecclesia eiusdem ville et omnibus appendiciis suis, vel quicquid eo locis (!) possessionis habere videbar tam in mancipiis quam in edificiis, terris cultis et incultis, pratis, pascuis, silvis, aquis aquarumve decursibus, molendinis, mobilibus scilicet et immobilibus, exitibus et reditibus, quesitis et adquirendis, ut absque ullius contradictione iure perpetuo teneant et possideant, ea siquidem conditione, ut meis utilitatibus quousque vixero, cædat et postea plena et perfecta possessione ad prescriptum cenobium appendeat. Ne vero hec traditione debilis et infirma esse videretur, vestituram eis de eadem proprietate concessi: mansum videlicet unum cum ancilla Alphilda et filiis eius Woppone, Humboldo et Thietgero. Si vero post obitum meum eiusdem monasterii abbas vel alia persona eundem locum in beneficium aut in precariam alicui dare temptaverit, in primis ipse Deo omnipotenti reus existat et idem predium in ius heredum meorum absque ullo illorum periculo vel culpa redeat; familia quoque predicti loci eisdem legibus, quibus ab antiquitate vel sub parentibus meis vel etiam me subiecta fuerat, utatur nec aliis gravioribus subdi cogatur. Acta est hec traditio publice Treviris in cenobio sancti Maximini sub die VI. idus Aprilis anno Dominice incarnationis D CCCCº LXº, indictione III, regno serenissimi Ottonis XXV, per manum Irimberti sub fideiussoribus, quos vulgo saleburgiones vocamus: Cunrado, Folmaro, Wolmaro, astante ipsius loci abbate Wikero omnique congregatione monachorum coram eiusdem cenobii advocatis Adalberto et Hildrado et testibus subnotatis: Erbardo, Bernuino, Alberto, Liuthardo, Thiedone et multis aliis." 8 April 960, Wampach (1935), 216-9 (#168)]

Probable sons: For the following two sons, the evidence tilts strongly in favor of Wigeric being the father. See <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/kunig000.htm">Cunégonde's page</a>

Possible son (but perhaps a son of Ricuin instead): There does not seem to be any strong evidence placing Giselbert as a son of either Wigeric or Ricuin, and it remains uncertain which one was his father. See <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/kunig000.htm">Cunégonde's page</a>

Probable relatives of Wigeric or of his wife Cunégonde:

Ève, countess, living 16 August 950, d. 19 or 20 February (xi kal. Martii), before June 960. m. Hugues, count of Chaumontois, deceased by ca. 940?; and their sons: Arnoul, d. 13 June, before 16 August 950, count. Odelric, d. 969, archbishop of Reims, 962-9. The relations between the four members of the above family are well documented, but their exact connection to any other group of individuals is unclear. The parentage of Odelric as son of a count Hugues is verified by Flodoard ["Cujus legationis redditi certiores per Brunonem archepiscopum, elegimus ad episcopatum Remensem Odelricum, illustrem clericum, Hugonis cuiusdam comitis filium, favente Lothario rege cum regina matre praefatoque Brunone." Flodoard, Annales, s.a. 962, 153-4], and the dates of death of Ève and Arnoul are given by the necrologiy of Saint-Arnoul ["Commemoratio Evae Comitissae, quae dedit Layum cum omnibus apendiciis suis monasterio sancti Arnulphi, et in eodem tumulari voluit cum Hugone sponso et filiis suis Arnulpho et Ulrico Archiepiscopo Rhemensi" Hlawitschka (1961), 4; "Arnulphus comes pro quo datus est fiscus de Laio sancto Arnulpho cum omnibus apendiciis suis; Eva vero comitissa eius mater, quae hunc fiscum dedit, XI kal. Martii memoratur." ibid. (note that xi kal. Marttii is 19 February in most years, but 20 February in leap years)]. The same general outline of the family is given by the necrology of the abbey of Remiremont ["Dedit Eva comitissa et filius eius Odelricus pro remedio animae comitis Hugonis et filii eorum Arnulphi mancipia septem aut octo, qui debent censum ad festivitatem divi Bartholomaei" Hlawitchka (1961), 5] and by the Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis, which includes the claimed descent from bishop Arnulf of Metz ["Hugone comite Calvomontise et Eva, uxore eius, Udelrico archiepiscopo Remense et Arnulpho comite, fratre eiusdem, filiis praedicti Hugonis, ..." Ex Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis, MGH SS 24: 530; "Generosa etenim beati Arnulphi prosapia longe lateque diffusa adeo est divinitus exaltata, ut regni Francorum obtinerat sceptra. Ex horum germine nobili comes prodiit Arnulphus, clarissimi comitis quondam Hugonis filius, qui paci iusticieque studens, dum obviat nocentibus, innocenter est trucidatus. Cuius corpus mater eius venerabilis Eva nomine procurans diligentissime, ad beatissimi basilicam Arnulphi Mettim devexit illicque sepulture contradens, castrum sui iuris quod dicitur Layum pro filii sui [anima], qui requiescit ibidem, ut in carta continetur, delegavit." ibid., 537]. The most detailed account of bishop Odelric and his family is by Hlawitschka [Hlawitschka (1961)].

Indications that this family group was related to bishop Adalbero I of Metz come mainly from certain charters involving donations of the estate of Lay in Chaumontois by Ève and her family, which are fabrications in their present form, but appear to be based at least in part on genuine information. The fact that Ève did possess Lay is verified by the life of abbot John of Gorze, and she was already a widow when she appeared there [ca. 940? "... apud predium nomine Laium cum comitissa Eva tunc vidua, ..." Vita Ioh. Gorz., c. 101, 128-130]. These documents call Adalbero a relative of either Ève or of her son Arnoul ["Utque hoc efficeretur, venerabilis Adelberonis Metensium Episcopi meique (i.e., Ève) consanguinei ...", "in venerabili Adelberone religioso pontifice Dei dilecto et bonorum hominum charo, filii mei dilecti Arnulphi defuncti consanguineo." Hlawitschka (1961), 3, n. 6, citing Calmet, Histoire de Lorraine, 2, preuves: 197, 199], and the Historia S. Arnulfi Mettensis (which, however, is not independent of the others) states the same ["... domino Udelrico Remensi archiepiscopo, ..., et Metensi episcopo venerabili Adelberone, eorum cognato, ..." ibid., 537; see also GC 10: Instr. col. 16-17]. One of these, dated 16 August 950, lists "duke" Frédéric, count Sigfroid, and count Giselbert among the witnesses, which also suggests a connection ["... Signum Friderici ducis. Signum Sigifridi comitis. Signum Gisleberti comitis. ..." Wampach (1935), 205-6 (#162); note that Wampach's reference of Udalrich as the "Gemahl" of Eva is an error]. However, since Frédéric was not yet duke in 950, this document cannot be genuine in its present form, and Wolfram suggested that the appearance of Adalbero in the document is a later addition [Wolfram (1888-9), 68-9]. [See also Calmet (1715×28), 6-10; Parisot (1907-8), 57: 346]. Without giving any clear evidence, Depoin conjectured Hugues to be a son of count Hugues of Toul, who in turn he made a son of Hugues, illegitimate son of king Lothaire II, thus making his sons Carolingians [Depoin (1904b), 384-5; Depoin (1907), 328, 331; Depoin (1908-10), 14: 424]. In his review of Depoin's work, Parisot argued convincingly against Depoin's theory [Parisot (1909), 457-8]. Wampach suggests that Ève was a daughter of a sibling of Wigeric [Wampach (1935), 172 (#147), 205-6 (#162)]. Lefort identifies Ève as the supposed first wife of Wigeric (see below), making Hugues the first husband [Lefort (1900), 358, n. 3]. Although a relationship between bishop Adalbero I of Metz and this family seems probable, the details remain unknown.

<h3 style="line-height: normal; text-transform: none; font-variant: normal; font-style: normal; text-indent: 0px; font-family: 'Times New Roman'; white-space: normal; letter-spacing: normal; color: #000000; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;">Commentary</h3>

Legendary counterpart of Wigeric: Wederic de Florennes. Legendary wife (existence doubtful): Ève. Legendary daughter by Ève (existence doubtful): <img src="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/f.gif" alt="FEMALE" width="16" height="16" /> Berthe, m. Ebroin, count of Florennes.

According to some authors, Wigeric is regarded as either the same person as or related to Wederic de Florennes, who appears in the history of the monastery of Waulsort as the maternal grandfather of Eilbert/Ybert, the monastery's founder ["... Iste igitur Ebroinus industria sua et virtute multa acquirens, filiam Wederici comitis et eius uxoris Evae, quae in nominis agnitione Berta nuncupabatur, sumpsit in coniugum, accipiens cum ea, dante ipso genitore atque genetrice, Florinas et quicquid ad eundem pagum Florinensem pertinent. ..." Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii, c. 1, MGH SS 14: 505; "Prefati siquidem Ebroini pater comes Bovo fuit, qui dictus est Sine-barba, et huius pater Bovonis comes Warinus de Asclovia extiit, qui fuit filius incliti nobilissimique comitis Nammerici Narbonensis ex Ermengarde comitissa, sorore Bonefacii magni principis de Papia." ibid., c. 2; "Iste autem Ebroinus ex prefati comitis Wederici et eius uxoris Evae filia, quae, ut superius prefati sumus, Berta dicebatur, septem habuit filios, ..." ibid., c. 2; "Primus itaque in ordine generationis comes Eilbertus fuit, maior et natu et dignitate, secundus post hunc comes Uddo de Roix, deinde comes Heribertus de Sancto Quintino, Gerardus de Odenarde, comes Boso, comes Witerus et Macuardus venerabilis episcopus. ..." ibid, c. 3]. There are a number of things about this account which invite suspicion, such as the fact that Eilbert's father Ebroin is also said to be the father of Heribert II of Vermandois (of which Saint-Quentin was the main fortress), as is made clear by the claim that Eilbert and his brother Heribert captured king Charles of France. ["Igitur anno ab incarnation Domini nongentesimo vicesimo secundo Karolus rex Francorum captus ab Eiberto et frate eius Heriberto usque ad Peronam deducitur et ab eisdem sub vinculis carceralis custodiae ibidem diebus multis religatur." ibid., c. 5, 507]. Given a blunder like this, the lateness of the source, and the presence of legendary figures from the Chansons de Geste like Aymeri de Narbonne (thinly disguised as Nammericus above) and Raoul de Cambrai [ibid., c. 6, 507; c.8, 508], there is good reason to doubt the tales.

The reason that one might identify the Wedricus of this "history" with the present Wigeric is easy to see. The monastery of Hastières was dependent on that of Waulsort in later times, and the association of Wigeric with Hastières is well documented. Also, Florennes and Hastières are near each other. However, while the association between Hastières was a bone of contention at the time Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii was being written in its current form, it did not exist at the time of Wigeric. Indeed, the monks at Hastiéres had a story of their own, obviously fabricated, which placed Wigeric's possession of Hastières in Merovingian times. In this version, Widricus is a son of the fictional Hoacher, duke of Lorraine, and was married to a woman who was a friend of king Sigebert (whose daughter Reniscenda was buried at Hastiéres), and who was a relative of St. Arnulf, bishop of Metz ["Quia vero predictis et aliis bonis insignis erat, facta est conventualis ecclesia a comite Widrico, filio Hoachrii ducis Lotaringie, qui ambo in eadem requiescunt ecclesia (i.e., Hastiéres), et Sancto Stephano Mettis legittime tradita per memoriam reliquarum sancti Stephani, que erant in ecclesia Hasteriensi, quonaim idem sanctus Stephanus tunc erat, sicut nunc est, patronus Mettensis. Ideo eciam Mettis traditia est Hasteria, quia uxor predicti Widrici comitis amica erat Sigeberti regis, cuius filia sancta Reniscendis requiescit in ecclesia Hasteriensi, uxor eciam eiusdem Widrici comitis consanguinea erat sancti Arnulphi Mettensis episcopi. ..." Appendix to Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii, MGH SS 14, 541; the same manuscript contains a chart in which Widricus is married to king Sigebert's daughter Berta, ibid., n. 1]. Similary, in a false charter dated 656, a comes Widericusmentions his father Ohacrius Lothariensium dux and wife Berta aunt (amita) of king Sigebertus ["Ego comes Widericus, nobili prosapia exortus, quomodo in vita mea egi omni venture generationi relinquendum curavi. Defuncto namque patre meo scilicet Ohacrio Lothariensium duce nobilissimo, qui a stirpe processerat Hisperici Francorum regis, uxorem magne nobilitatis duxi nomine Berta scilicet Mettensis regis Sigiberti amita." Cart. Waulsort, 412; note, for example, that the duchy of Lorraine would not yet exist for another couple of hundred years].

Witte [(1893-4), 5: 40] and Vanderkindere [(1902) 2: 204, 328-9] accept the genealogical information of Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii, and the identification of Wederic de Florennes with our count Wigeric [Parisot (1907-8), 7, n. 3 also identifies Schötter as earlier in proposinging this identification], making Ève an earlier wife and Berthe a daughter of Wigeric. Both Depoin and Parisot pointed out (at about the same time, apparently independently) that if the usual identification of the Ebroin of Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii with an Ebroin who appeared in 879 is correct, then it is chronologically dificult to make him a son-in-law of Wigeric [Depoin (1905-8), 28-9; Parisot (1907-8), 7, n. 3]. Depoin instead made Wederic de Florenne the maternal grandfather of Wigeric (on which, see more below)), but Parisot, while expressing doubt, did not rule out the suggestion that Ève was an earlier wife of Wigeric [Parisot (1907-8), 18-9]. "Fixing" the error regarding Heribert II of Vermandois has also been attempted, by turning him into a maternal half-brother of Eilbert [see, e.g., Chaume, 1: 543 (table VIII), and the page of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/herib001.htm">Heribert I</a>]. For a discussion of the genealogies of Historia Walciodorensis Monasterii, see Misonne (1967).

While there seems to be a good case that the Wederic who appears in the legendary account of the founding of the monastery of Waulsort had our Wigeric as an underlying historical basis, the genealogies given in this source cannot be regarded as historically accurate. Not only do we have the lateness of the source itself, the existence of a severe blunder regarding Heribert II of Vermandois, and the presence of legendary characters, but there was also a clear motive for deliberate falsification of the claim that Wigeric (who held Hastières) was a maternal grandfather of Eilbert (founder of Waulsort). The claim that reliable genealogical information can be obtained from this source must be rejected, and there is no good reason to believe that Wigeric had an earlier marriage [see also Renn (1941), 20-2].

Conjectured origins for Wigeric Wigeric's parentage remains unknown. However, there have been numerous conjectures in that regard.

Depoin: Conjectured father (unlikely): Nithard, fl. 876 or 881×2, son of Liutgarde (fl. 876 or 881×2) [by, it is conjectured, Regnier, d. 876, lay-abbot of Echternach]. Conjectured mother (unlikely): Blitrude, fl. 876 or 881×2, conjectured to be a daughter of Wederic de Florenne and Ève, daughter of Gerard de Roussilon. This theory by Depoin is based largely on a charter from the cartulary of Gorze, in which a Leutchardis mentions her son Nithard, her daughter-in-law Blitrude, and her grandsons Wigeric and Nithard, probably in 876 or 881×2 ["... qualiter Leutchardis, Deo sacrata, necnon et filius suus Nithardus, ..., Leutcharde videlicet, et filio ejus jam dicto Nithardo, atque uxori sue Belethrude, et filio ipsius Widerico scilicet, et equivoco ejus item Nithardo, ..." Cart. Gorze, 125-6 (#69); Depoin (1905-8), 32; for the date, see Marichal (1902), 25-7; Reumont (1902), 282]. Noting that our Wigeric had a daughter named Liutgarde, Depoin identifies Wideric, son of Nithard and Blitrude, with our Wigeric [ibid., 32-40]. Estimating Wederic de Florenne to be two generations prior to Wigeric, he accepts the connection of Wigeric and Wederic but not their identity, and makes Blitrude a daughter of Wederic and Ève [ibid., 40], the latter of who he would make a daughter of Gerard de Roussillon [ibid, 30]. By a further conjecture Depoin would make Nithard a son of Regnier, lay abbot of Echternach, who was killed in battle on 8 October 876 [Depoin (1905-8), 61ff; for more on this Regnier, see the page of his possible relative <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/regin001.htm">Regnier I</a>]. [For genealogical tables outlining his theories, including earlier conjectured ancestors, see Depoin (1905-8), 58, 69]. However, in the absence of any indication that Liutgarde and her son and grandsons belonged to the nobility, Depoin's conjecture must be considered unlikely [see also Renn (1941), 19-20].

Medieval fabrication: Falsely attributed father (fabulous): Hoacher, duke of Lorraine. Parisot [(1907-8), 58: 9, n. 3] cites one author (Sackur) who would make Hoacher the father of Wideric. As a fabulous figure who supposedly existed during Merovingian times, he was obviously not Wigeric's father. However, see the next item.

Nonn: Conjectured father (dubious): Odacar, fl. 893-902, count in Bliesgau and Ardenne. Count in Bliesgau in 893, and in Ardenne in 902 [see Wampach (1935), 142-9], Odacar also appears in the annals in 897-9 [Regino, Chronicon, MGH SS 1: 607-9]. Based on the assumption that the Hoacher/Ohacrius of the falsified documents discussed above was based on genuine information, Ulrich Nonn noted the similarity of the form Ohacrius to the name of the count Odacar who appeared in 893-902, and speculated that the latter was the father of Wigeric [Nonn (1978)]. As no other evidence was given to support this conjecture, it must be regarded as doubtful.

Schötter, Jaerschkerski: Falsely attributed father: Adalard/Adalbert, son of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/eberh000.htm">Eberhard of Friuli</a> by <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/gisel000.htm">Gisela</a>, daughter of <a href="http://sbaldw.home.mindspring.com/hproject/prov/louis000.htm">Louis the Pious</a>. This theory is based on the charter of Wigeric's daughter Liutgarde, in which she mentions her seniores Adalbert and Eberhard, and a false charter mentioning an alleged son of Wigeric and Cunégonde named Henry, which also mentions his alleged<span class="Apple-co

Wigeric of Lotharingia

Wigeric or Wideric (French: Wigéric or Wéderic) (died before 923) was the count of the Bidgau (pagus Bedensis) and held the rights of a count within the city ofTrier. He received also the advocacy of the Abbey of Saint Rumboldat Mechelen from Charles III of France. From 915 or 916, he was the count palatine of Lotharingia. He was the founder of the House of Ardennes.

Medieval historians have been unable to precisely pin down Wigeric's origins or rise to power. He possessed lands in the region of Bitburg, in the middle Moselle valley, in the Gutland, the western Eifel, and the Meuse region.^[1]^:16

At the death of Louis the Child, the Lotharingians rejected the suzerainty of Conrad I and elected Charles of France as their king. At the time, the military authority in Lotharingia was assigned to Count Reginar I of Hainaut (died 915), but at his death it fell to Wigeric, who became count palatine, exercising as such the military authority in Lotharingia.

Wigeric founded the monastery of Hastière, of which he also assumed the advocacy.

There is no historical trace of Wigeric after 919: he probably died between 916 and 919, and was buried in the monastery of Hastière.^[1]

Family and descendants

Wigeric's first wife Eva died, leaving him a widower. He then married Cunigunda, daughter of Ermentrude, granddaughter of Louis II of France, and therefore a descendant of Charlemagne.^[1] Their children were:

Frederick (died 978), count of Bar, the duke of Upper Lorraine from 959

Adalberon (died 962), bishop of Metz

Gilbert (died 964), count in the Ardennes

Sigebert (fl. c. 942)

Gozlin (died 942), count of Bidgau, married Uda of Metz, father of:
- Godfrey the Prisoner
- Adalberon, Archbishop of Reims

Siegfried, count of Luxembourg

Some genealogies record two other children, Henry and Liutgard, who were in fact son and daughter of another Wigeric, son of Roric, a contemporary living in the shire of Bidgau-Trier.

Wigeric and Cunigunda were the founders of the dynasty of the House of Ardennes. Its three branches -- Ardennes-Verdun, Ardennes-Bar and Ardennes-Luxembourg -- dominated Lorraine for a century and a half. The Ardennes family extended from Laon and Reims to Trier and Cologne, from Metz and Verdun to Liège and Anvers. Its descendants were to appear in the following positions:

Dukes of Upper and Lower Lorraine (959-1046 and 1012-1100 respectively)

Bishops of Metz (929-1072)

Bishops of Laon (977-1031)

Bishops of Reims (969-989)

Bishops of Verdun (984-988)

Bishops of Trier (1004-1015)^[1]

Primary sources

Cawley, Charles, Medieval Lands Project on Wigerich III, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy, retrieved August 2012,^{[better source needed]}

He is first attested in 899 as count Widiacus in a charter of King Zwentibold in Trier [1].

A Wigericus, with comital rights in Trier, appears in a diploma of Louis IV dated 19 September 902: MGH Diplomata.

He is usually identified with Widricus, count of the Bidgau, of a charter of Saint-Maximin dated 1 January 909 [2].

He appears in a diploma of Charles III (between 911-915) as Windricus and his son Adalberon and he received the fiefs and the advocacy of the abbeys of Saint Rumbolds at Mechelen and Hastière. The margrave of Neustria, Robert, and Reginar, margrave in Lotharingia, gave their consent.

He appears for the first time with the title "count palatine" in a diploma of Charles as well, this time as Widricus, dated 19 January 916 at Herstal [3].

Footnotes

Jump up^ The abbey founded by St. Rumbold in the 6th, 7th or 8th century and a 9th century St. Rumbold's abbey church subordinate to the bishops of Liège are assumed to have been located in the Holm, higher grounds a little outside the later city walls of Mechelen. A 9th century St. Rumbold's Chapel in the city centre stood until 1580, was rebuilt in 1597 en demolished in 1798. After Prince-Bishop Notger's founding of the St. Rumbold's Chapter around 1000, an adjacent collegiate church was built and its parish title was handed to the chapter in 1134. Most likely on its spot, already from around the start of the 13th century onwards, the well known Saint Rumbold's Church was built,consecrated in 1312, and functions as metropolitan cathedral since 1559. This edifice never belonged to the abbey. Source: Sint-Romboutskerk (ID: 74569), VIOE(Retrieved 29 July 2011)

References

^ Jump up to:^a ^b ^c ^d Kreins, Jean-Marie. Histoire du Luxembourg. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2010. 5th edition.

§Biographie

Après la mort de Louis IV l'Enfant, roi de Germanie, les nobles de Lotharingie, rejettent la suzeraineté de son successeur Conrad I^er pour se rallier à Charles III le simple, roi de Francie occidentale. Le pouvoir militaire semble être entre les mains de Régnier I^er de Hainaut († 915). Après la mort de Régnier, Wigéric, alors nommé comte palatin, assume l'autorité en Lotharingie.

Il épouse Cunégonde (v.893 † ap.923), la fille d'Ermentrude, et petite-fille de Louis II le Bègue, roi des Francs. Leurs enfants connus sont :

Frédéric I^er († 978)², comte de Bar, puis duc de Haute-Lotharingie,

Adalbéron I^er († 962), évêque de Metz,

Gilbert († 964), comte en Ardennes,

Sigebert, cité dans une charte datée de 943,

Gozlin (Gozelon, Gothelon), († 942/943), comte de Bidgau et de Methingau, marié à Oda (Uda) de Metz, fille de Gérard I^er de Metz et d'Oda de Saxe. Ils ont :
- Régnier de Bastogne, père de l'évêque Adalbéron de Laon
- Godefroy le Captif, comte de Verdun.
- Adalbéron, archevêque de Reims († 989)

Sigefroy, comte de Luxembourg.

Dans beaucoup de généalogies, on retrouve d'autres enfants probables, comme un certain Henri et sa sœur Liutgarde dont on suppose qu'elle avait épousé le comte Adalbert I^erde Metz († 944), puis Eberhard IV comte du Nordgau. En réalité, ils seraient plutôt les enfants d'un Wigéric, fils de Roric, vivant dans le Bidgau mais étant une personne distincte de Wigéric de Bidgau.

§Sources diplomatiques

Première attestion comme comte Widiacus dans une charte datée du 23 janvier 899 du roi Zwentibold de Lotharingie.

Le comte Wigericus, avec des droits comtaux dans la ville de Trèves (Trier), dans un diplôme daté du 19 septembre 902 de Louis IV l'Enfant.

Identification avec Widricus, comte du Bidgau³

Diplôme de Charles le Simple (entre 911-915) par laquelle le comte Windricus et son fils Adalbéron, évêque de Metz, reçoivent les fiefs et l'avouerie sur l'abbaye de Saint-Rumolde à Malines et le monastère d'Hastière. Les marquis Robert de France et Régnier I^er de Hainaut donnent leur consentement⁴.

Première attestation comme comte palatin Widricus: diplôme de Charles le Simple⁵

§Littérature

Van Droogenbroeck, F. J., 'Paltsgraaf Wigerik van Lotharingen, inspiratiebron voor de legendarische graaf Witger in de Vita Gudilae', Eigen Schoon en De Brabander 93 (2010) 113-136.

§Notes et références

↑ Sa généalogie sur le site Medieval Lands [archive]

↑ Sa généalogie sur le site Medieval Lands [archive]

↑ Trèves, monastère de Saint-Maximin, 1 janvier 909 [archive]

↑ Miraeus, A., (J. Foppens ed.) Opera Diplomatica et Historica II, 805-806 (Louvain 1723). Wampach, C., Urkunden- und Quellenbuch zur Geschichte der altluxemburgischen Territorien bis zur burgundischen Zeit (Luxembourg 1935) I, 164-166

↑ Herstal, 19 janvier 916 [archive]

↑ Généalogie de Gottfried sur le site Medieval Lands [archive]

Quellenangaben

1	Familias Freixa, Kylin y otras, Count Palatine Wigeric o Wideric o Wederic de Lotharingie Autor: Miguel Alberto Freixa

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Titel	Gröger Ahnentafel
Beschreibung	Es betrifft die Familien Gröger, Klauke, Riedel, Mörchen, Guntermann, u.a.
Hochgeladen	2018-12-25 17:16:30.0
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E-Mail	addygroeger@freenet.de
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Wigeric o Wideric o Wederic DE LOTHARINGIE