Robert DE FLANDRE

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Medieval Lands by Charles Cawley, Foundation for Medieval Genealogy ROBERT de Flandre, son of BAUDOUIN V "le Pieux/Insulanus" Count ofFlanders & his wife Adela de France ([1035]-13 Oct 1093). TheGenealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana names (in order) "BalduinumHaanoniensem, et Robdbertum cognomento postea Iherosolimitanum, etMatilde uxorem Guillelmi regis Anglorum" as the children of "BalduinumInsulanum [et] Adelam"[270]. "Robertus filius Balduini comitisInsulani" is named in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[271]. He isrecorded by Orderic Vitalis as uncle of Robert de Normandie[272]. TheAnnales Blandinienses record that in 1063 "Rodbertus, Baldwinipotentissimi iunior filius, Frisiam subintrat"[273]. He was regent ofthe county of Holland 1062-1071, during the minority of his stepson.He rebelled against his nephew Arnoul III Count of Flanders anddefeated him at the battle of Cassel 22 Feb 1071, succeeding as ROBERTI "le Frison" Count of Flanders. He was recognised as count byPhilippe I King of France after Robert transferred Corbie to him, thearrangement being confirmed by the king's marriage to Count Robert'sstepdaughter Bertha of Holland[274]. Relations with William I King ofEngland were poor, culminating in Count Robert's planned naval attackin 1085, with his son-in-law Knud II King of Denmark, although theenterprise ended when the latter was assassinated[275]. William ofMalmesbury records that Robert made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, datedto between 1086 and 1090[276]. On his way back, he entered theservice of Emperor Alexios I[277]. The Annales Blandinienses recordthe death "III Id Oct 1093" of "Rodbertus, primus huius nominisFlandriæ marchysus"[278]. m (1063) as her second husband, GERTRUD of Saxony, widow of FLORIS ICount of Holland, daughter of BERNHARD II Duke of Saxony [Billung] &his wife Eilika von Schweinfurt (Schweinfurt [1028]-Veurne 18 Jul or 4Aug 1113, bur Veurne). "Gertrudis" is named as wife of "RobertiFrisonis" in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, which does not give herorigin[279]. The Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana names"filiam Bernardi Saxonum comitis Gertrudem" as wife of "Robertus",specifying that she was "viduam Florentii comitis Fresonum"[280]. TheGenealogia ex stirpe Sancti Arnulfi names "Idam Namucensem…uxoremAngelberti marchionis et Gertrudem comitissam Flandrensem" as childrenof "Bernardum"[281]. The Annales Egmundani specify that Robertacquired "comitatum Hollandiæ et Fresiæ" by marrying Gertrud[282].The date of her second marriage is based on the Chronologia Johannesde Beke recording that, two years after the death of her firsthusband, Gertrud married "Roberto iuniori filio Balduini comitisFlandrie", specifying that the latter ruled the county of Holland onbehalf of "Theodrici domicelli iunioris adhuc etatis"[283]. Thenecrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "XV Kal Aug"of "Gertrudis comitissa"[284]. Beke's Egmondsch Necrologium recordsthe death "IV die Aug" of "Gheertrudis…" and her burial inFlanders[285]. Count Robert & his wife had six children: 1. ADELA de Flandre ([1065]-Apr 1115). The Cartulaire deSaint-Bertin specifies that "filia primogenita Robert Frisonis etGertrudis" was the wife of "Canuti regis Dacie", but does not give hername[286]. The Annales Blandinienses name "Athelæ amitæ [Balduinicomes]" as the mother of "Karolus"[287]. The Genealogica ComitumFlandriæ Bertiniana specifies that "Robertus comes cognomento Frisio"had three daughters "quarum prima nupsit Kanuto regi Danorum, quampostea habuit Rogerus dux Apulie"[288]. Malaterra names the wife of"dux Rogerius" as "neptem Francorum regis Philippi filiam Flandrensiummarchionis Roberti…Adalalam"[289]. She was regent in Apulia 1111-1114for her son Guillaume Duke of Apulia. The Lamberti AudomariensisChronica records the death "V Kal Apr" of "Athela ducissa Apuliæ…filiaRoberti Flandriæ comitis, uxor Rogerii ducis", although the year isnot specified[290]. m firstly ([1080]) KNUD II “den Hellige/the Holy”King of Denmark, illegitimate son of SVEND II King of Denmark & hismistress --- (-murdered Odense, St Albans Church 10 Jul 1086, burOdense, St Albans Church, later called St Knuds Church). m secondly(1090) ROGER "Borsa/the Purse" Duke of Apulia, son of ROBERT"Guiscard/Weasel" Duke of Apulia & his second wife Sichelgaita diSalerno ([1061]-22 Feb 1111). Adela & her first husband had threechildren: a) CARL of Denmark ([1084]-murdered Bruges 2 Mar 1127, burBruges, St Donatien, later Saint-Sauveur). "Carolus filius Canuti,regis Dacie, ex filia primogenita Robert Frisonis et Gertrudis" isnamed in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[291]. "Caroli regis Danorumfilii" is named in the donation to Saint-Bertin of "BalduinusFlandrensium marchisus" dated 1119[292]. His mother took him toFlanders for safety after the murder of his father in 1086. He made apilgrimage to Palestine in [1107][293]. He was received in Flandersin 1111 by Count Robert II. "Karolo et Wilhelmo nepotibus comitis"were named in the grant to Saint-Bertin of "Balduinus Roberti iuniorisfilius Flandrensium comes" dated 1119[294]. The Vita Karoli ComitisFlandriæ specifies that Count Charles was given "comitatum Ambianensemcum castello Incrensi" prior to his accession as count[295]. Enjoyingclose relations with Count Baudouin VII, who designated him as hissuccessor on his deathbed, he succeeded in 1119 as CHARLES "the Good"Count of Flanders. He was opposed by Dowager Countess Clémence whosupported the candidature of Guillaume d'Ypres[296]. Galbert deBruges records that, during the captivity of Baudouin II King ofJerusalem in 1123/24, a faction hostile to the king offered the throneof Jerusalem to Count Charles, who refused the offer[297]. CountCharles was one of the four candidates (the other three beingFriedrich II Duke of Swabia, Leopold III "der Heilige" Markgraf ofAustria and Lothar von Süpplingenberg Duke of Saxony) for election tothe throne of Germany on the death of Emperor Heinrich V in 1125. Hewas supported in particular by Friedrich Archbishop of Köln. Charleswas a popular count in Flanders, releasing grain from his stores tohelp relieve the severe famine of 1124/25 and making increased use ofthe courts to settle disputes. He was opposed by Bertulf, provost ofSt Donatien in Bruges, chancellor of Flanders, and leader of theErembald clan about whose servile origins a dispute arose. TheErembald clan arranged the count's assassination and offered thecountship to Guillaume d'Ypres, the whole episode being recorded atlength by Galbert de Bruges[298]. The Annals of Saint-Bertin recordthat Charles was murdered while hearing mass in Bruges church[299]. m(before Jul 1119) as her first husband, MARGUERITE de Clermont,daughter of RENAUD Comte de Clermont-en-Beauvaisis & his first wifeAdela de Vermandois ([1104/05]-after 1145). The Vita Karoli ComitisFlandriæ names "nobilem puellam Margaretam, Reinaldi comitisClarmontensis filiam" as wife of Count Charles, specifying that themarriage took place before his accession[300]. She married secondly([1128]) as his second wife, Hugues [III] “Candavène” Comte deSaint-Pol, and thirdly Baudouin d’Encre. The De Genere ComitumFlandrensium, Notæ Parisienses refers to (but does not name) thedaughter of "comes de Claromonte" and his wife Adela, specifying thatshe married firstly Charles Count of Flanders, secondly "HugoChampdaveine…comes Sancti Pauli" by whom she had "RadulfusChampdaveine et Guod Champdaveine", and thirdly "dominus Balduinus deEncra" by whom she had "domini Galteri de Helli"[301]. b) - other children: - DENMARK, KINGS. 2. ROBERT (1065-[5 Oct] 1111, bur Arras St Vaast[302])."Roberti filius eius [Robertus Flandrensium comes]" is named in theCartulaire de Saint-Bertin[303]. The Genealogica Comitum FlandriæBertiniana names (in order) "Philippum et Robertum" as sons of"Robertus [et] vidua Gertrude"[304]. He ruled with his father asjoint count of Flanders from 1086[305]. He succeeded his father in1093 as ROBERT II Count of Flanders. He joined the First Crusade in1096, and was joint-leader of a contingent with Robert Duke ofNormandy and Etienne Comte de Blois[306]. As the crusaders approachedAntioch in Oct 1097, a contingent under Count Robert captured Artah tothe south-west[307]. After the capture of Jerusalem, he leftPalestine for Europe in Sep 1099[308]. He helped Henry I King ofEngland conquer Normandy from his brother Robert in 1106, inaccordance with the alliance agreed in the Treaty of Dover in 1103which was renewed in 1110[309]. Orderic Vitalis records that CountRobert was among the forces of Louis VI King of France which foughtThibaut IV Comte de Blois near Meaux, that he was trampled as the kingfled with his men, and died a few days later[310]. According toWilliam of Malmesbury, he was mortally wounded in a tournament[311].The necrology of the abbey of Saint-Denis records the death "III NonOct" of "Rotbertus Flandrensium comes"[312], which is consistent withthe date of death of Count Robert II shown in EuropäischeStammtafeln[313]. However, it seems more likely that this entryrelates to Count Robert I (whose death is recorded on 13 Oct inanother source, see above) as the same necrology also records thedeath "XV Kal Aug" of "Gertrudis comitissa" who may be identified withthe wife of the older count Robert[314]. m (before 1092) as her firsthusband, CLEMENCE de Bourgogne, daughter of GUILLAUME I Comte deBourgogne & his wife Etiennette --- ([1078]-[1133]). "ClementieFlandrarum comitisse" is named as wife of "Robertus iunior" in theCartulaire de Saint-Bertin[315]. Orderic Vitalis names her as wife ofCount Robert but does not give her origin[316]. Her origin isconfirmed by the Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana which names"Clementiam filiam Willelmi comitis Burgundionum cognomentoTestahardith" as wife of "Rodbertus Rodberti filius"[317]. Clemencecould not have been born much later than 1078, given the birth of herfirst child (by her first husband) in 1093. She was appointed regentin Flanders during the absence of her first husband on crusade[318].She promoted the monastic movement and introduced Cluniac rule intoseveral abbeys in Flanders[319]. She founded Bourbourg Abbey with herfirst husband in [1103]. "Balduinus Flandrensium comes et Clementiacomitissa" confirmed the donation of the church of Saint-Bertin toCluny made by "dominus meus Rotbertus comes", by charter 12 Apr1112[320]. She opposed the succession in 1119 of Count Charles,supporting the candidature of Guillaume d'Ypres[321]. She marriedsecondly ([1125]) as his second wife, Godefroi V Duke of LowerLotharingia. The primary source which confirms her second marriagehas not yet been identified. The Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin recordsthe death in [1133] of "Clementia Roberti iunioris vidua" andspecifies that "eatenus pene terciam partem Flandrie dotis locotenuit"[322], although it is curious that this entry does not mentionher second husband who was still alive when his wife died. Robert II& his wife had three children: a) BAUDOUIN ([1092/93]-Boulers 17 Jun 1119, bur SaintBertin[323]). The Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana names (inorder) "Balduinum et Guillelmum" as sons of "Rodbertus [et]Clementiam"[324]. His parentage is recorded by Orderic Vitalis, whosays that he was "still a boy" when he succeeded his father[325] in1111 as BAUDOUIN VII Count of Flanders. He refused to return hermarriage portion to his mother, who instigated a rebellion of southFlemish barons with the help of Baudouin III Comte de Hainaut, but wasforced to submit. William of Malmesbury and Orderic Vitalis recordthat Count Baudouin supported Guillaume "Clito" de Normandie againstHenry I King of England in 1118, invaded Normandy as far as Arques,but in Sep 1118 was wounded "for his helmet being battered withrepeated strokes, he received an injury to his brain"[326]. He passedthe last ten months of his life in the monastery of St Bertin[327].He designated Charles of Denmark as his successor on hisdeathbed[328], although the accuracy of this statement is dubious ifhis brain injuries were severe. The Annales Blandinienses record that"Balduinus comes, Rodberti iunioris et Clementiæ filius" was 26 yearsold when he became a monk after a distinguished military career[329].The Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ records the death "1119 XV Kal Iulii"of Count Baudouin, and his burial at St Bertin[330]. m (1110,divorced) HAVISE de Bretagne, daughter of ALAIN IV "Fergant" Duke ofBrittany & his second wife Ermengarde d'Anjou. The GenealogicaComitum Flandriæ Bertiniana refers to the wife of "Balduinum comitem"as "filiam Alani Fregani comitis Brittaniæ", but does not nameher[331]. The Flandria Generosa names "filiam Alani comitisBrittaniæ" as the wife of "Balduinus Inclitus", specifying that theywere separated by Pope Pascal II on grounds of consanguinity[332].The Chronicon Briocensi names "Conanum et Hazevisiam" as the twochildren of "Alanus filius primogenitus [Hoelli]" and his wife"Ermengardem filiam Comitis Andegavensis"[333]. b) GUILLAUME de Flandre (1094-1109, bur Saint-Bertin). TheGenealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana names (in order) "Balduinum etGuillelmum" sons of "Rodbertus [et] Clementiam"[334]. "Guillelmusfratrem meum" is named in the donation to Saint-Bertin of "BalduinusFlandrensium marchisus" dated 1119, which also specifies Guillaume'sburial place[335] and in another passage states that he died beforehis father[336]. c) --- de Flandre (1095-young). The Liber de RestaurationeSancti Martini Tornacensis records that "Clementia cum de viro suocomite Roberto genuisset tres filios infra tres annos" but does notname any of them[337]. 3. PHILIPPE de Flandres "de Loo" (-before 1127). TheGenealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana names (in order) "Philippum etRobertum" as sons of "Robertus [et] vidua Gertrude"[338]. "Philippifratris Roberi iunioris Flandrie comitis" is named in the Cartulairede Saint-Bertin[339]. The Genealogia Comitum Flandriæ names"Rodbertum et Philippum" as the two sons of "Rodbertus Barbatus [et]Gertrude", specifying that Philippe was buried at "Bergis"[340]."Philippus filius Roberti marchionis cognomento Frisonis" transferredrights to the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Loo by charter dated 1093 whichalso names "fratris mei Roberti comiti Flandrie"[341]. Mistress (1):---. According to Vanderkindere, Philippe´s mistress was "a woolcarder"[342]. Some details about her family are provided by thecharter dated 1162 under which Philippe´s illegitimate son "Willelmusde Ipres…cum Leliosa consanguinea mea et cum filia sua Petronilla"donated revenue from land, which "pater ipsius Leliose, Thebaldus…deAria" held from "patre meo Philippo" and which Guillaume had grantedto "Eghellino de Furnis" on his marriage to Leliose with the consentof "Thebaldi junioris fratris Leliose", to the abbey of Bourbourg,signed by "…Theobaldus filius Eghellini de Furnis…"[343]. Galbert ofBruges records that Guillaume d´Ypres was captured "cum fratre suoThiebaldo Sorel" at Ypres 10 Sep 1127[344]. Presumably Thibaut Sorelwas the son of Guillaume´s mother by a subsequent marriage orrelationship. It is possible that he was the same person as"Thebaldus…de Aria" who is named in the 1162 charter, in which case"Leliose" was the niece of Guillaume d´Ypres. Philippe de Loo had oneillegitimate child by Mistress (1): a) GUILLAUME d’Ypres ([1090]-[1165]). "Willelmus de Lo, exconcubina filius Philippi, fratris Roberti iunioris, Flandrie comitis"is named in the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin[345]. Orderic Vitalisincorrectly describes him as the son of Robert Count of Flanders[346]."Willelmus Philippi comitis filius" donated property to the abbey ofSaint-Pierre de Loo with the consent of "uxore mea" (unnamed) bycharter dated 1093[347], although this charter must be misdatedconsidering Guillaume´s likely birth date. Guillaume claimed thecounty of Flanders in 1119 on the succession of Count Charles,supported by Dowager Countess Clémence[348]. ["Willelmus nepos meus…"signed a charter dated 29 Nov 1121 under which Charles Count ofFlanders donated property to the monastery of Bourbourg[349]. Itappears unlikely that this subscription could apply to the son ofPhilippe de Loo, given his opposition to the accession of Charles ascount of Flanders. However, no other individual named Guillaume hasyet been identified in the family who could be described as "neposeius" in reference to Count Charles.] After learning of theassassination of Count Charles in 1127, Guillaume besieged the castleof Bruges, where the murderers had taken refuge, until the arrival ofLouis VI King of France and Guillaume "Clito" de Normandie[350]. Hewas offered the countship in 1127 by the Erembald clan who hadarranged the assassination[351]. Galbert of Bruges records thatGuillaume was captured "cum fratre suo Thiebaldo Sorel" at Ypres 10Sep 1127, taken to Bruges and in Oct to Lille, but was released onpromising to help Count Guillaume[352]. The Cartulaire ofSaint-Bertin records that Guillaume resisted the succession of Thierryd'Alsace in 1128 from the castle of "Sclusa"[353]. He was presumablyreconciled with Count Thierry as "Willelmo filio Philippi comitis"subscribed the charter dated 1130 under which "Theoderici…comitisFlandrie…cum…uxore mea Suanehilda" confirmed the privileges andpossessions of the abbey of Saint-Pierre de Loo[354]. The Cartulaireof Saint-Bertin records that Guillaume was expelled from Flanders in[1133] and went to England[355], where he was placed in charge of theFlemish mercenaries in the army of Stephen King of England. KingStephen granted him land in Kent, where he founded Boxley Abbey in[1144/46]. The Annals of Waverley record that “Willelmo de Ypres”founded Boxley abbey in 1143[356]. The Annals of Bermondsey recordthat “Willelmus de Ipra” donated income from his property “domino deTarentford, id est Dertford” to the abbey in 1144[357]. Henry ofHuntingdon records that Guillaume led the opposition in Kent after thearrival in England of Empress Matilda[358]. He retained contacts withFlanders as shown by the donation of "Willelmus de Ypra" to the abbeyof Saint-Pierre de Loo by charter dated 1148[359]. He went blindtowards the end of King Stephen's reign[360]. The 1155 Pipe Rollrecords "Will. de Ipr." at Canterbury in Kent[361]. After theaccession of King Henry II in 1154, Guillaume left England and retiredto his château of Loo[362]. "Willelmus de Ipres…cum Leliosaconsanguinea mea et cum filia sua Petronilla" donated revenue fromland, which "pater ipsius Leliose, Thebaldus…de Aria" held from "patremeo Philippo" and which Guillaume had granted to "Eghellino de Furnis"on his marriage to Leliose with the consent of "Thebaldi juniorisfratris Leliose", to the abbey of Bourbourg by charter dated 1162,signed by "… Heinricus castellanus de Broborc, Robertus advocatusBethunie, Rogerus castellanus de Curt, Eustachius de Grenericamerarius, Frumoldus de Ipre castellanus, Jordanus castellanus deDichesmer…Theobaldus filius Eghellini de Furnis"[363]. The FlandriaGenerosa names "Willelmo [de Lo]", specifying that he was buried in"castro suo quod dicitur Lo"[364]. m ---. "Uxore mea" (unnamed)consented to the donation by "Willelmus Philippi comitis filius" tothe abbey of Saint-Pierre de Loo by charter dated 1093[365], althoughthis charter must be misdated considering Guillaume´s likely birthdate. No record has been found in any of the primary sources so farconsulted which indicates that the couple had any children. 4. [OGIVE] de Flandre (before 1071-Apr before 1141). TheFlandria Generosa refers to a daughter of Count Robert and his wifeGertrude as "apud Mescinas sanctimonialis et abbatissa venerabilis",but does not name her[366]. Galbert of Bruges names "abbatissamMessinis et Gertrudem" as the daughters of Robert I Count of Flandersand his wife Gertrude[367]. The Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertininames "Ogieva" as the fourth sister of "Robertus Frisionis"[368].Although the source mistakes "daughters" for "sisters", it is possiblethat the first name is correct[369]. Abbess of Messines before 1107. 5. [BAUDOUIN de Flandre (-before 1080). He is named as son ofCount Robert in Europäische Stammtafeln[370] but the primary source onwhich this is based has not yet been identified.] 6. GERTRUDE de Flandre (-[1115/26]). Galbert of Bruges names"abbatissam Messinis et Gertrudem" as the daughters of Robert I Countof Flanders and his wife Gertrude[371]. Her parentage and both hermarriages are deduced from the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin which names"Gertrude filia Roberti Frisonis, vidua Henrici Bruselensis" as motherof "Theodericum", who is in turn named "filium Theoderici ducis deHelsath"[372]. The Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana specifiesthat "Robertus comes cognomento Frisio" had three daughters and that"tercia Theoderico comiti Alsatie [nupsit]"[373]. A charter dated1095 records a donation to Flône, notes the approval of "HenricusLovaniensis comitis" and adds that he married "filie RobertiFlandriensis comitis"[374]. m firstly HENRI III Comte de Louvain, sonof HENRI II Comte de Louvain & his wife Adela [Adelheid] in der Betuwe(-Tournai 5 Feb 1095). m secondly (Han-sur-Lesse 15 Aug 1095) as hissecond wife, THIERRY II Duke of Lorraine, son of GERARD Duke of UpperLotharingia & his wife Hadwide [de Namur] (-30 Dec 1115). Gertrud &her second husband had children: a) THIERRY de Lorraine ([1099/1101]-17 Jan 1168). He is namedin the Cartulaire de Saint-Bertin, which also specifies hisparentage[375]. He succeeded in 1128 as THIERRY I Count of Flanders. - see below, Part C COUNTS of FLANDERS 1128-1191 (LORRAINE). [270] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [271] Saint-Bertin I.21, p. 197. [272] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. III, Book V, p. 103. [273] Annales Blandinienses 1063, MGH SS V, p. 26. [274] Nicholas (1992), p. 52. [275] Nicholas (1992), p. 57. [276] Malmesbury, 257, pp. 242-3. [277] Runciman, S. (1978) A History of the Crusades (Penguin), Vol. 1,p. 166. [278] Annales Blandinienses 1093, MGH SS V, p. 27. [279] Saint-Bertin II.92, p. 288. [280] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [281] Genealogia ex stirpe Sancti Arnulfi descendentium Mettensis 7,MGH SS XXV, p. 384. [282] Annales Egmundani 1063, MGH SS XVI, p. 447. [283] Chronologia Johannes de Beke 46, p. 87. [284] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p. 321. [285] Beka's Egmondsch Necrologium, in Oppermann, O. (1933) FontesEgmundenses (Utrecht), p. 107. [286] Saint-Bertin II.92, p. 288. [287] Annales Blandinienses 1119, MGH SS V, p. 28. [288] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, Continuatio Leidensiset Divionensis (Cod. Divion. et Cisterc. addunt), MGH SS IX, p. 307. [289] Pontiari, E. (ed.) (1927-8) De rebus gestis Rogerii Calabriæ etSiciliæ comitis et Roberti Guiscardi ducis fratris eius (Bologna)(“Malaterra”), IV.20, p. 98. [290] Lamberti Audomariensis Chronica 1113, Catalogus RegumLangobardorum et Imperatorum, MGH SS V, p. 66. [291] Saint-Bertin II.92, p. 288. [292] Saint-Bertin II.45, p. 256. [293] Murray (2000), p. 144. [294] Saint-Bertin II.28, p. 239. [295] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 7, MGH SS XII, p. 542, footnote 15specifying that this was Encres in Picardy and that his predecessorCount Baudouin had given it to him in 1115. [296] Nicholas (1992), p. 62. [297] Pirenne, H. (1891) Histoire du meurtre de Charles le Bon Comtede Flandre par Galbert de Bruges (Paris) ("Galbert de Bruges"), 5, p.10, discussed in Murray (2000), pp. 139-45. [298] Nicholas (1992), pp. 62-3, and Galbert de Bruges. [299] Saint-Bertin II.1, 1127, p. 297. [300] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 7, MGH SS XII, p. 542. [301] De Genere Comitum Flandrensium, Notæ Parisienses MGH SS, p. 257. [302] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI, Book XI, p. 163, and AnnalesElnonenses Maiores 1111, MGH SS V, p. 14, "Atrebato sepelitur". [303] Saint-Bertin I.29, p. 205. [304] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [305] Annales Blandinienses 1086, MGH SS V, p. 26. [306] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 166. [307] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 215. [308] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 298. [309] Nicholas (1992), p. 58. [310] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI, Book XI, p. 161. [311] William of Malmesbury 257, p. 243. [312] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p. 328. [313] ES II 5. [314] Obituaires de Sens Tome I.1, Abbaye de Saint-Denis, p. 321. [315] Saint-Bertin II.57, p. 266. [316] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI, Book XI, p. 163. [317] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [318] Runciman (1978), Vol. 1, p. 166. [319] Nicholas (1992), p. 58. [320] Cluny Tome V, 3899, p. 249. [321] Nicholas (1992), p. 62. [322] Saint-Bertin II.11, p. 298. [323] Annales Elnonenses Maiores 1119, MGH SS V, p. 14. [324] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [325] Orderic Vitalis, Vol. VI, Book XI, p. 163. [326] William of Malmesbury, 403, p. 351, and Orderic Vitalis, Vol.VI, Book XII, p. 191. [327] William of Malmesbury, p. 351, footnote 2. [328] Nicholas (1992), pp. 57-8. [329] Annales Blandinienses 1119, MGH SS V, p. 28. [330] Vita Karoli Comitis Flandriæ 6, MGH SS XII, p. 541. [331] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [332] Flandria Generosa 25, MGH SS IX, p. 323, which traces therelationship between the couple back to Guillaume II "le Libérateur"Comte de Provence. . [333] Ex Chronico Briocensi, RHGF XII, p. 566. [334] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana MGH SS IX, p. 306. [335] Saint-Bertin II.45, p. 256. 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[353] Saint-Bertin II.11, p. 300. [354] Loo Saint-Pierre VIII, p. 14. [355] Saint-Bertin II.11, p. 300. [356] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1865) Annales Monastici Vol. III, Annales deWintonia, Annales de Waverleia (London), Annales de Waverleia, p. 230. [357] Luard, H. R. (ed.) (1866) Annales Monastici Vol. III, AnnalesPrioratus de Dunstaplia, Annales Monasterii de Bermundeseia (London),Annales de Bermundeseia, p. 437. [358] Greenway, D. (2002) Henry of Huntingdon: The History of theEnglish People 1000-1154 (Oxford), p. 81. [359] Loo Saint-Pierre IX, p. 15. [360] Keats-Rohan, K. S. B. (2002) Domesday Descendants: AProsopography of Persons Occurring in English Documents 1066-1166. II.Pipe Rolls to Cartæ Baronum (Boydell) (“Domesday Descendants”), pp.795-6. [361] Hunter, J. (ed.) (1844) The Great Rolls of the Pipe for thesecond, third and fourth years of the reign of King Henry II 1155-1158(London) Pipe Roll 2 Hen II (1155), Kent, p. 65. [362] Nicholas (1992), p. 70. [363] Duvivier, C. (1898) Actes et documents anciens interéssant laBelgique (Brussels), p. 241. [364] Flandria Generosa (Continuatio Bruxellensis), MGH SS IX, p. 325. [365] Loo Saint-Pierre IV, p. 6. [366] Flandria Generosa 16, MGH SS IX, p. 321, footnote 77 naming her"Otgiva seu Maria" without specifying the source on which this isbased. [367] Galbert de Bruges, 68, p. 109. [368] Chronica Monasterii Sancti Bertini auctore Iohanne Longo de Ipra38.4, MGH SS XXV, p. 785. [369] MGH SS XXV, p. 785, footnote 7 states that she is named "Maria"in a later edition of the Chronicæ Flandrensis. [370] ES II 5. [371] Galbert de Bruges, 68, p. 109. [372] Saint-Bertin II.11, p. 299. [373] Genealogica Comitum Flandriæ Bertiniana, Continuatio Leidensiset Divionensis (Cod. Divion. et Cisterc. addunt), MGH SS IX, p. 307,where the second daughter is incorrectly referred to as the wife ofPhilippe II King of France. [374] Evrard, M. (ed.) ´Documents relatifs à l´abbaye de Flône´,Analectes pour servir à l´histoire ecclésiastique de la Belgique, TomeXXIII (Louvain, 1892) ("Flône"), II, p. 285. [375] Saint-Bertin II.11, p. 299.

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Titel	Familienstammbaum Engelken
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